高浓度CO_2地下泄漏对土壤微生物群落结构的影响  

Effects of Underground Leakage of High Concentration CO_2 on Soil Microbial Community Structure

作　　者：陈浮[1,2] 杨宝丹 马静[2] 张绍良[2] 张媛媛[3] CHEN Fu YANG Baodan MA Jing ZHANG Shaoliang ZHANG Yuanyuan(School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116 China Low Carbon Energy Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221008, China Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Design Company Limited, Dongying, Shandong 257026, China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学低碳能源研究院,江苏徐州221008 [3]中石化石油工程设计有限公司,山东东营257026

出　　处：《土壤学报》2017年第1期180-190,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC24B05);江苏省煤基CO2捕集与地质储存重点实验室开放基金项目(2015A01;2015B02)资助~~

摘　　要：通过模拟高浓度CO_2在农田土壤中的地下泄漏,研究了不同浓度CO_2泄漏情景下土壤微生物多样性的变化。实验设置了400 g m^(-2) d^(-1)、800 g m^(-2) d^(-1)、1 200 g m^(-2) d^(-1)和2 000 g m^(-2) d^(-1)持续CO_2通气60 d共计4个处理,并与对照组、恢复组(2 000 g m^(-2) d^(-1)组停止通气60 d后)分期采集土壤样品,分析土壤理化性质、土壤闭蓄的气体浓度、微生物多样性指数及主要类群变化规律。结果表明,4种处理均提高了土壤中CO_2浓度,分别为1.60%、4.80%、10.80%和19.60%。土壤微生物多样性Chao指数和Shannon指数随CO_2通入量增加而减少,降幅分别达17.00%~27.80%和6.10%~9.50%。相反,非度量多维尺度(NMDS)分析显示土壤微生物β多样性在中、低浓度升高,在高、极端浓度表现为降低。拟杆菌属(Bacteroidales)相对丰度随CO_2泄漏量增加从3.09%上升至21.20%,可作为高浓度CO_2泄漏生态安全性评估的敏感性指标。基于高通量序列相似度OTU分类的RDA分析表明土壤环境因子的变化能够较好地解释微生物多样性演替。研究结果为评估和监测地下CO_2泄漏对近地表生态系统环境风险提供科学依据。【Objective】 To cope with the trend of global warming, CO2 capture and storage （CCS）is one of the major technologies for reduction of CO2 emission. And then the captured CO2, nil in commercial value, is injected underground to raise the output of petroleum or coalbed methane, so as to maximize its economic profit. However, the prevailing technologies are far from being capable of guaranteeing zero leakage of the stored CO2 during the processes of CO2 storage and transportation, geological activities and human misoperation. Once the risk of potential CO2 leakage becomes real, the leakage will pose an enormous threat to the near surface ecosystem. It is, therefore, essential to explore in depth effects of underground CO2 leakage on farmland soil environment, especially tolerance and sensitivity of soil microbial communities to different concentrations of CO2. So the study was conducted. 【Method】 An experimental platform to simulate underground CO2 leakage was constructed in an idle farmland, in the South Lake Campus of the China University of Mining and Technology. The platform was used to simulate leakage of CO2 varying in intensity, i.e. 400 g m-2d-1, 800 g m-2d-1, 1 200 g m-2d-1and 2 000 g m-2d-1 for 60 days, thus forming four treatments, i.e. L-400, M-800, H-1200 and E-2000. Besides, the experiment also had a control group and a recovery group. Soil samples were collected from the four treatments and their 3 replicates on the 14th, 30th and 60th day after the start of simulated leakage, from the control group on the day before the start of leakage （C1） and at the end of the experiment （C2）, and from the recovery group, which was actually Treatment E2000, 60 days after the stop of the leakage. The soil samples were analyzed for soil physical and chemical properties, concentration of occluded soil, structure and α and β diversities of soil microbial community with the conventional physicochemical analysis method and the Illumna second generation gene sequencing method based on the Miseq platf

关 键 词：碳捕集与封存 CO2泄漏 微生物群落 高通量测序 多样性分析 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]