利益、权力和制度:旅游社会冲突的成因机制  

Interest,Power and Institutions:on Genetic Mechanism for Tourism Social Conflict

作　　者：蔡克信[1] 潘金玉[1] 贺海[2] CAI Ke-xin PAN Jin-yu HE Hal(School of Tourism, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064 School of Tourism, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences Chongqing 402160, China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学旅游学院,成都610064 [2]重庆文理学院旅游学院,重庆402160

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第1期48-55,共8页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家旅游局"万名旅游英才计划"研究型英才培养项目"西部地区乡村旅游目的地社会冲突及其治理研究"(WMYC20151078)阶段性成果

摘　　要：探索旅游社会冲突的成因机制,是实现冲突治理、推进旅游可持续发展的前提。应用扎根理论方法,通过对四川省L县H景区社会冲突主体双方访谈材料的编码分析,可以发现:旅游社会冲突是经济利益、制度、权力、能力等因素综合作用的产物,其中经济利益是引致社会冲突的直接诱因,权力及制度是旅游冲突产生的深层成因,能力是社会冲突产生的中介条件;同时发现:客观意义上的利益分配不均是冲突产生的必要条件,而弱势利益群体主观意义上的相对剥夺感的形成是旅游冲突产生的充分条件,并且作为"魅力型领袖"的旅游精英及参照群体的选择对于弱势群体相对剥夺感的形成具有显著影响。这些认知,在一定程度上为冲突解释从"单维分析"走向"多维分析"提供了框架与参照,也为旅游管理部门制定相关决策提供了新的视角。Exploring the mechanism of tourism social conflicts is the prerequisite for conflict management and promoting the sustainable development of tourism. This paper applies grounded theories and conducts coding analy- sis of the interview material of the conflicting sides H scenic spot, L county in Sichuan Province. The study finds that tourism social conflicts come from synthetic action of interest, power, institutions etc. It concludes that： 1） in- terest is the direct cause of social conflicts;2） institution and power are the deep causes of the conflicts; 3） ability is the medium of the conflicts. Meanwhile, Studies suggest that uneven distribution of interests is necessary for the conflicts, and the vulnerable groups＇ sense formation of relative deprivation is sufficiency for them. Tourist elite, as the ＂charismatic leader＂ and their choosing of reference group, have a significant impact for the formation of the sense of relative deprivation. The research provides framework and reference to the conflict explanation, from ＂sin- gle-dimensional analysis＂ to ＂multi-dimensional analysis＂ and offers a new perspective for the decision-making of relevant departments of tourism management.

关 键 词：旅游社会冲突 成因机制 扎根理论 相对剥夺感 

分 类 号：D669[政治法律—政治学] F592.7[政治法律—中外政治制度]