海南岛南部海域沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价  

Heavy metal pollution and their ecological risk assessment in sediments from southern Hainan Island

作　　者：罗昆[1,2] 李亮[1] 龙根元[1] 刘刚[1] 薛玉龙[1] 潘卫红[3] LUO Kun LI Liang LONG Genyuan LIU Gang XUE Yulong PAN Weihong(Marine Geological Survey Institute of Hainan Province, Haikou 570206, Hainan, China Hainan Geological Bureau, Haikou 570206, Hainan, China Oil ＆ Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100029, China)

机构地区：[1]海南省海洋地质调查研究院,海南海口570206 [2]海南省地质局,海南海口570206 [3]中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心,北京100029

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2017年第1期85-93,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：海南省国土资源厅项目(HZ2015-235);中国地质调查局项目(GZH201500208)

摘　　要：通过对海南岛南部近岸海域49个表层沉积物的重金属元素含量的分析,结合沉积物的粒度组成特征,探讨了重金属可能的来源并评价了重金属的污染状况和潜在生态风险。结果表明,表层沉积物以砂和粉砂为主,砾石和黏土含量相对较少。重金属平均含量较低,最高是Zn元素,为38.98 mg/kg,大部分属于国家海洋沉积物一类标准。除As元素之外,Zn、Cu、Cd、Pb、Cr和Hg 6种重金属元素之间具有明显的正相关性,与粉砂和黏土等细颗粒沉积物也具有显著的正相关。潜在生态危害指数的评价结果显示,海南岛南部近岸表层沉积物中的重金属对海洋生态系统的危害非常轻微,不同重金属元素的潜在生态危害系数大小顺序为As>Hg>Cd>Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn,其潜在生态风险指数RI平均值为14.55,属于轻微的潜在生态危害。A total of 49 surface sediment samples from Southern Hainan Island were analyzed for heavy metals and grain size in order to identify their possible sources and assess their potential ecological risk. It showed that the surface sediments consist mainly of sand and silt and with scarce gravel and clay. The mean concentrations of the selected heavy metals were relatively low from the southern Hainan Island and the highest reached 38.98 mg/kg of Zn. Except for As, the other elements （Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr and Hg） exhibit significant positive correlations with each other and the contents of silt and clay. The assessment result of ecological risk revealed the southern Hainan Island possessed light potential ecological risks with the mean RI value of 14.55. The order of ecological risks for the selected metals is As 〉 Hg 〉 Cd 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Cr 〉 Zn.

关 键 词：重金属 生态风险评价 粒度 表层沉积物 海南岛南部近岸 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]