长江口及其邻近海区主要化学要素基线值变化特征  

Variation characteristics of parameters baseline values for the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent areas

作　　者：谭赛章 孙亚伟[1,2] 可愚 叶属峰[1,2] TAN Saizhang SUN Yawei KE Yu YE Shufeng(East China Sea Environment Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai 200137, China Key Laboratory of Integrated Marine Monitoring and Applied Technologies for Harmful Algal Blooms, Shanghai 200137, China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局东海环境监测中心,上海200137 [2]海洋赤潮灾害立体监测技术与应用国家海洋局重点实验室,上海200137

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2017年第1期94-102,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(20110515-5)

摘　　要：通过对2000、2006和2013年长江口及其邻近海区表层海水调查数据剔出异常值,进行态性检验后,确定了化学要素PO_4^(3-)-P、DIN、Cu、Pb、Cd和As的基线值,初步探讨了各要素基线值的变化趋势。结果表明:目前PO_4^(3-)-P基线值呈现升高趋势,DIN基线值呈现出先降低后升高的趋势,Cu、Pb、Cd和As基线值整体呈现降低趋势,研究海域的污染状况正由营养盐污染和重金属污染并存过渡到单纯的营养盐污染。不同季节间,各项要素的平面分布存在一定差异,但整体表现为近河口区偏高,远岸偏低。利用因子分析方法初步探讨了基线值发生变化的原因,发现营养元素的污染来源不断发生变化,尤其是DIN,其源头增多;重金属元素来源得到有效控制,源头趋于单一,并且不同重金属元素的来源差异较大。The pollution baseline values for different elements in the Changjiang Esturary and its adjacent areas were measured by investigation data obtained in 2000,2006 and 2013, of which the abnormal data were first excluded and then normal distribution test was carried out. Trends of pollution baseline values from 2000, 2006 and 2013 were discussed, which showed that the pollution baseline values of phosphate increased while Cu, Cd and As decreased obviously. The results showed that the concentrations and fluctuation degree of parameters were different, and as a whole, the spatial distribution of different elements shows higher concentration in estuarine area, and the concentration decreases with the distance from the estuary. Factor analysis results show that the pollution source of nutrient is changing obviously, and the DIN contains two major pollutant sources recently. The source of metal is simple and unique, and the transformation of different metal elements in seawater is different.

关 键 词：长江口 基线值 因子分析 营养盐 重金属 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]