亚里士多德与权利概念  

Aristotle and the Concept of Rights

作　　者：董波[1] DONG Bo(Boya College, Sun Yat- sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学博雅学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2017年第1期4-11,共8页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

摘　　要：权利概念在亚里士多德的政治哲学中是否占有一席之地?这一问题近年来成为西方政治哲学讨论的焦点。美国学者米勒(Fred Miller)断言,亚里士多德的最佳政体要求每个公民都能够实现幸福的生活,这表明亚里士多德支持某种权利的概念,是其个人主义原则的体现。同时,米勒以亚里士多德对于正义的论述作为重要的文本证据,证明对立的正义主张就是某种法律意义上的权利。这一观点引起了学术界的巨大争议。亚里士多德最佳政体所要求的德性原则并非权利,而有关正义的讨论也不需要借助权利的概念。关键在于,亚里士多德始终强调城邦的善先于个人的善。所以,米勒在亚里士多德论著中寻找权利概念的努力只能是一次不成功的"再翻译操练"。Whether the concept of rights plays a certain role in Aristotle＇ s political philosophy has drawn much attention in the discussion of Western political philosophy in recent years. American scholar Fred Miller asserts that Aristotle＇ s best constitution requires each citizen＇ s realization of happy life, which shows that Aristotle sup- ports the concept of certain rights, representing his principle of individualism. Meantime, Miller regards Aristot- le＇ s discussions on justice as important textual evidence, which prove that the opposite claims of justice are rights in some legal sense. Miller＇ s view has triggered intense debates among the academic field. The principle of virtue demanded by Aristotle＇ s best constitution is not rights while his talks about justice require no resort to the concept of rights. More importantly, Aristotle always stresses that the good of the polls is prior to that of the individual. Thus, Miller＇ s efforts to find rights in Aristotle＇ s works turn out to be an unsuccessful ＂exercise of retranslation＂.

关 键 词：亚里士多德 权利 米勒 正义 

分 类 号：B502.233[哲学宗教—外国哲学]