射流式鱼泵输送草鱼的性能研究  

Research on grass carp conveyance performance of jet fish pump

作　　者：徐茂森[1] 龙新平[1] 祝叶[1] 李莉[2] 吴宁[2] 阮晓峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学,水射流理论与新技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2017年第1期117-123,共7页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179134)

摘　　要：为了分析射流式鱼泵输送草鱼的性能及其损伤因素,文章设计了一台喉管直径为60 mm的射流式鱼泵,开展了草鱼输送实验,并采用高速摄影和计算流体力学方法进行了研究。结果显示,该射流式鱼泵在扬程2.24m时最高草鱼输送能力达918 kg·h^(-1),其所需水功率为2.83 k W。进一步的检测表明,部分实验鱼有鳞片脱落的情况,但未出现游泳异常,解剖后也未发现内脏受损等情况;实验鱼在过泵后呼吸频率及部分血液指标存在明显变化,但在24 h内基本可以恢复。数值模拟和高速摄影方法分析得出,剪切层是造成实验鱼泵内鳞片脱落的主要原因,撞击伤是由内流偏转诱导实验鱼撞击泵内壁面产生的,包含压力梯度在内的水力因素都可能使实验鱼产生应激反应。但由于鱼类在泵内时间极短,上述因素都不会致实验鱼死亡。To study grass carps（ Ctenopharyngodon idellus） conveyance performance and injuries factors of jet fish pumps（ JFP）,a JFP with throat diameter of 60 mm was designed and evaluated by high-speed video observation as well as computational fluid dynamics（ CFD）. The results show that the peak conveyance capacity of JFP can reach 918 kg·h（-1） at lift height of 2. 24 m with input power of2. 83 k W. No test fish died or with viscera damage after conveyance but part of descaling was found occasionally,which was mainly caused by the shear layer in JFP. Further tests reveal that,after passing the JFP,respiratory rate and some blood indices of the test fish changed but all of them elementarily recovered within 24 h. It should be noted that collision injury might be caused by the deflection of inner flow. The rapid change of pressure may also affect the test fish. However,due to the short passing time in JFP,none of the above factors killed the test fish.

关 键 词：射流式鱼泵 草鱼 射流泵 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：S981.1[农业科学—捕捞与储运]