新型杀菌剂氟吡菌胺对9种环境生物的急性毒性及其在斑马鱼体内的生物富集  

Acute Toxicity of Fluopicolide to 9 Kinds of Environmental Organisms and Its Bioaccumulation in Zebrafish

作　　者：林琎[1,2] 高云[1,3] 慕卫[1,3] 王开运[1,2] 许辉 刘杰 Lin Jin Gao Yun Mu Wei Wang Kaiyun Xu Hui Liu Jie(College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai＇ an 271018, China Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai＇ an 271018, China Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology ＆ Application Technique, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai＇ an 271018, China United Pesticide Industry Co., Ltd., Jinan 250100, China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安271018 [2]山东省高校农药毒理与应用技术省级重点实验室,泰安271018 [3]山东农业大学农药环境毒理研究中心,泰安271018 [4]山东省联合农药工业有限公司,济南250100

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2016年第6期296-305,共10页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划(2011BAE06B02)

摘　　要：为评价新型杀菌剂氟吡菌胺对环境生物的毒性风险,避免其在使用过程中对我国特有的环境生物产生危害,测定了氟吡菌胺对意大利蜜蜂、日本鹌鹑、斑马鱼、家蚕、斜生栅藻、大型溞、玉米螟赤眼蜂、赤子爱胜蚓和黑斑蛙蝌蚪等9种代表性环境生物的急性毒性,并以斑马鱼为试材,研究了氟吡菌胺的生物富集性,即根据鱼类急性毒性结果 LC50(96 h)=1.489 mg·L^(-1),设计生物富集试验水样浓度为LC50的1/2、1/10和1/100,即0.745 mg·L^(-1)、0.149 mg·L^(-1)和0.0149 mg·L^(-1),连续暴露8 d,采用液相色谱法测定3个浓度下氟吡菌胺在斑马鱼体内的富集量。结果表明,氟吡菌胺对斑马鱼、斜生栅藻和大型溞3种水生生物的急性毒性为中毒级,对黑斑蛙蝌蚪急性毒性为高毒级,其对蜜蜂、鸟类、家蚕、蚯蚓和天敌赤眼蜂等环境生物均为低毒或低风险;斑马鱼在0.745、0.149和0.0149 mg·L^(-1)的氟吡菌胺水溶液中暴露192 h时,生物富集系数BCF分别为33.65、26.39和193.25;根据化学农药环境安全评价试验准则评价标准,10<BCF≤1000,氟吡菌胺属于中等富集性农药。In order to evaluate the toxicity risk of fluopicolide to environmental organisms and reduce its risk to the special organisms in China,9 types of environmental organisms were used to determine the acute toxicity. Tested or-ganisms include Apis mellifera,Coturnix japonica,Brachydanio rerio,Bombyx mori,Scenedesmus obliquus,Daphnia magna,Trichogramma ostriniae,Eisenia foetida and Rana nigromaculata tadpoles. Bioaccumulation of fluopicolide was researched by using zebrafish as model organism. According to acute toxicity to fish（ LC50（ 96 h） = 1.489mg·L^-1）,biological enrichment experiments were carried out with three concentrations. In detail,0.745 mg·L^-1,0.149 mg·L^-1 and 0.0149 mg·L^-1 were adopted,which equal 1/2,1/10 and 1/100 of the LC50（ 96 h） to zebrafish.After continuous exposure for 8 days,bioaccumulation was detected using liquid chromatography. The results indicated that fluopicolide had moderate toxicity to zebrafish（ Brachydanio rerio）,Scenedesmus obliquus and Daphnia magna,whereas it showed high toxicity to tadpoles. Moreover,it exhibited low toxicity or low risk to other tested environmental organisms. After continuous exposure for 192 h,bioconcentration factors（ BCF） were determined as33.65,26.39 and 193.25 for 0.745 mg·L^-1,0.149 mg·L^-1 and 0. 0149 mg·L^-1,respectively. According to ＂ Environmental Safety Evaluation Test Guidelines of Chemical P esticides＂ in China,10 BCF ≤ 1000,fluopicolide is moderate-enrichment pesticides.

关 键 词：氟吡菌胺 环境生物 急性毒性 生物富集因子 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]