中国大陆雨涝时空特征  

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Waterlogging over China's Mainland

作　　者：肖潺[1] 叶殿秀[1] 陈昊明[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局国家气候中心,北京100081 [2]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《灾害学》2017年第1期85-89,共5页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41405089);中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2015Z12)

摘　　要：利用气象台站观测逐日降水资料,对中国大陆雨涝频率基本特征进行了分析;在此基础上,结合农作物雨涝受灾面积统计数据对雨涝指标进行了初步评估。分析表明,我国雨涝主要集中在夏季,在华南沿海和海南等地秋季雨涝频率也较高。每年农作物雨涝受灾面积与每年雨涝站率有极好的正相关,表明雨涝指标比较符合实际。针对中国大陆雨涝灾害流域特征明显,对七大江河流域的雨涝及其变化特征进行了分析。就流域而言,长江、珠江、淮河流域年雨涝站率较高,黄河流域最低;流域雨涝长期变化趋势不显著,但存在较为显著的年代际演变。The characteristics of the waterlogging over China's Mainland are analyzed by using the daily station rain gauge data. The results show that waterlogging mainly occurs in summer over most regions of China, while often occurs in southern coastal area and Hainan province in autumn. Using the agricultural disaster statistics data, the waterlogging indexes are further accessed. A strong correlation is found between annual waterlogging station rate and annual floods affected crop area. This suggests that the waterlogging indexes have practical implications. Be- cause the floods always bound up with river basin, the waterlogging and its change characteristics are also analyzed. Higher waterlogging station rate is found over river basins of Yangtze River, Pearl River and Huai River basin and the lowest is over Yellow river basin. The interdecadal variation of waterlogging is obvious, but the trend is not significant

关 键 词：降水 雨涝 时空特征 变化特征 受灾面积 流域 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]