青少年脑电发育特点与速度素质关系的研究  

A Study on the Relationship Between the Development Characteristics of EEG and Speed Competence in Adolescents

作　　者：汪军[1] 马兰[1] 李恩荆[2] 周越[1] 刘大庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084 [2]华中师范大学体育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2017年第1期94-99,共6页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金"儿童少年速度素质增长敏感期神经肌肉特征研究"(20131112110001)

摘　　要：目的:脑电图主要反应中枢神经系统的发育情况,而神经系统的发育是速度素质的基础。本论文旨在研究正常青少年儿童随年龄增长的脑电发育特征,分析其与速度发展的关系,以期找到利用脑电图特征来预测速度的可能方法。方法:研究对象为四川省广元市620名6-16岁中小学生,采用Nation9128W数字化脑电图仪测试其安静闭目清醒状态下脑电图,分析各导联绝对和相对功率,并同时测试其50m跑成绩。结果:(1)6-16岁儿童少年脑电各频段相对功率具有显著的年龄差异。随年龄增长,δ、θ、α1波相对功率减少,α2和β波相对功率均增加,并且6-11岁和13-15岁是α2波的快速增长期。(2)男生速度素质的自然增长期为6-15岁,女生为6-12岁;男生速度敏感期为6-10岁和12-14岁,女生速度敏感期为6-9岁。(3)高速度素质儿童的50m成绩与α2%的相关系数为-0.64,而与θ/β比值的相关系数为0.71。结论:儿童少年脑发育具有明显的年龄阶段特征,具有快速增长期,6-10岁为速度素质发展的最佳时期。其中α2相对功率和θ/β比值是儿童速度素质发展的参考指标之一。Objective：Electroencephalogram （EEG） mainly reflects the growth of the central nervous system which is the physiological basis of speed competence. The paper aims to study the development characteristics of adolescents＇ EEGwith their age increasing and the relationships between the characteristics and speed competence so as to find possible methods to predict speed through EEG characteristics. Methods ：620 students aged 6 -16 in Sichuan, China were chosen to participate in the study. Their EEG when they were in quiet awaken state with their eyes closed was collected with Nation 9128W digital electroencephalograph for analysis of absolute and rel- ative powerof each lead. Their 50 - meterspeed was measured at the same time. Results ： 1. The relative power of EEG presented significant difference in adolescents aged 6 - 16. With the increase in age, the relative power of δ wave, θ wave and α1 wave decreased, while the relative power of α 2 and β wave increased, α2 wave sncreases rapidly during the period of 6 -11 years old and 13 -15 years old. 2. Males＇ speed competence increase occurres during the period of 6 - 15 years old, while females＇ during the period of 6 - 12; males＇ sensi- tive period of speed is from 6 to 10 years old and from 12 to 14 years old, while females＇ from 6 to 9 years old. 3. The correlation coefficient betweena2% and 50 - metre speed in high speed competence children is -0.64, and the correlation coefficientbetween 50 - metre speed and θ/β ratio is 0.71. Conclusion： Children＇ s brain growthpresents obvious correlative features to age periods and has fast growth period. The best period for speed competence development occurres from 6 to 10 years old. The relative power of α2 wave and θ/βratio are an ref- erential indicator for children＇ s speed competence development.

关 键 词：青少年 脑电图 速度 敏感期 体质 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]