章学诚与柯林武德史学思想比较之再思考——兼评余英时《章实斋与柯灵乌的历史思想》一文  

A Reflection on the Comparative Study of Zhang Xuecheng(1738-1801) and R.G.Collingwood's(1889-1943) Ideas of History

作　　者：秦丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,博士研究生300350

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2017年第1期59-68,共10页Historiography Bimonthly

摘　　要：章学诚与柯林武德史学思想之比较乃中西史学比较中的常见课题。余英时在《章实斋与柯灵乌的历史思想》一文中指出章学诚、柯林武德二人史学思想存在诸多相似之处,但事实上二者的史学思想存在实质性差异,这些差异源自二者各自不同的学术脉络。章氏生当传统中国时代,其史学带有浓厚的经世致用色彩,强调史学为现实服务;柯氏是西方20世纪批判的历史哲学的典型代表,其学术旨在澄清历史学的本质,为科学的历史学提供理论依据。从事中西史学比较不能一味求同,应正视彼此的差异,唯其如此才能理性地探索出中西史学发展的共同道路和规律。In comparative historiography of the East and West,studies of Zhang Xuecheng and R.G.Collingwood have been a prominent case of study.In his well-known article,entitled Zhang Shizhai yu Kelinwude de lish sixiang:Zhong Xi lishi zhexue de yidian bijiao(Zhang Xuechang and Collingwood's Ideas of History:a comparative study in the philosophy of history of China and the West),Yu Ying-shih states that there are many similar and comparable elements in these two historians'ideas of history.Yet as the two historians lived in rather different times,Zhang and Collingwood had quite diverging views about the role and study of history.A member of the literati in late imperial China,Zhang advocated that history follow and expand on the statecraft tradition,offering service to helping with social reality.By contrast,Collingwood was a precursor in advancing analytical philosophy of history,focusing on analyzing the nature of history and supplying theoretical base for improving scientific historiography.In promoting comparative historiography,therefore,one should not seek commonality at the expense of recognizing key differences.Indeed,seeing and analyzing the differences are essential to compare the courses of development in historiographical traditions in the East and West and beyond.

关 键 词：章学诚 柯林武德 中西史学比较 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]