三峡库区重庆段某排污口下游污染物降解研究  

DEGRADATION OF POLLUTANTS IN THE DOWNSTREAM OF A SEWAGE OUTFALL IN CHONGQING SECTION OF THREE GORGES RESERVOIR

作　　者：祖波[1,2,3] 周领[1,2,3] 李国权[1,3] 刘波[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通大学水利水运工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400074 [3]重庆交通大学河海学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2017年第1期134-141,共8页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：重庆市研究生创新基金项目;重庆市研究生教育教学改革研究重点项目(yjg20162025)~~

摘　　要：采用室内实验测定和野外实测相结合的方法,选取高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH3-N)为污染物监测指标,进行了各污染物降解系数计算及降解规律的分析研究。结果表明:1)在野外实测中,岸边与河流中心的各污染物降解系数有着大致相同的变化趋势,但岸边的降解系数值明显小于河流中心各断面的降解系数值,对比发现,岸边和河流中心的温度、溶解氧、p H值的差距不明显,初步可以判断流速对污染物的降解影响较显著,且流速越大,降解系数也越大;2)室内实验测定中,流速在0.4~2.0 m/s,降解系数值伴随流速的增大而逐渐增加,与野外实测法所得规律相同,也反映出流速对污染物的降解有较显著影响。基于此,应用了结构方程模型定量研究污染物降解系数与影响因子间的响应关系,结果表明:流速对污染物降解的影响较大,为污染物降解较重要的影响因子之一。最后,以结构方程模型研究结果为依据,以影响较大的因子流速为自变量,降解系数为因变量,以野外现场实测的实验数据作为基础数据,拟合得出由流速确定河流污染物降解系数的经验公式,在研究条件范围内可运用这些经验公式迅速求出污染物降解系数。In this work we combined in-situ test and laboratory experiment methods, and selected CODMn, TN, TP and ammonia nitrogen as the pollutant indicators, to calculate the degradation coefficient of pollutants and analyzing the regularity of the degradation. The results showed that：（1） In the in-situ test, the pollutants degradation coefficients for the riparian monitoring section was significantly smaller than those for the river center monitoring section, but they had the same degradation trends. Compared with the various factors between the shore and river center, except for the velocity of shore and river center, the temperature, DO and p H had no significant difference, suggesting the velocity was the influencing factor of the pollutants degradation coefficient, and the greater of the velocity, the greater of the degradation coefficient;（2） In the laboratory experiment, the pollutant degradation coefficients gradually increased along with the increase of flow velocity（0.4~2.0 m/s）, which was the same as in the field in-situ test, suggesting the velocity was the influencing factor of the pollutant degradation coefficient. Based on the results of both field in-situ test and laboratory experiment, we used structural equation modelling to quantitatively analyze the relationships between pollutant degradation coefficient and the impact factors. The results showed that the flow velocity was an important factor for the degradation coefficient. Finally, based on the quantitative results of the structural equation model, we regarded the pollutants degradation coefficient as a function of velocity, and the empirical formula was fitted by the wild field measurement data.In our study condition range, the empirical formula can be applied to quickly calculate the coefficient of pollutants degradation.

关 键 词：三峡库区 排污口下游 污染物 降解 

分 类 号：X13[环境科学与工程—环境科学] TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]