增压器压气机叶轮在高原环境下的失效分析与改进  

Failure Analysis and Improvement of Turbocharger Compressor Impeller under Plateau Condition

作　　者：张继忠[1] 武爱军[1] 胡力峰[1] 王林起 裴伟[1] 闫瑞乾[1] 庄丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国北方发动机研究所柴油机增压技术重点实验室,天津300400 [2]中国北方通用动力集团有限公司,天津300400

出　　处：《车用发动机》2017年第1期14-20,共7页Vehicle Engine

基　　金：国防科技重点实验室基金(61422120303162212004)

摘　　要：针对高原环境下增压器超速引起的压气机叶片断裂的问题,介绍了故障定位、故障分析、故障再现以及改进等处理全过程。从增压器工作载荷谱入手,分析了叶轮的应力分布、叶片模态变化,确定了叶片不同部位的失效模式。从降低转速、提高叶片固有频率和提高出口处叶片的抗疲劳强度三方面优化了压气机叶轮,通过故障再现的对比性试验、性能对比试验等验证,结果表明,改进后的增压器最高许用转速提高10%,满足了发动机变海拔的使用要求。For the fracture problem of impel ler blade due to turbocharger overspeed at plateau, the whole process of faul t loca-tion, fault analysis, fault reproduction and improvement was introduced. Based on the working load spectrum of turbocharger, the stress distribution and the blade mode change of impeller were analyzed and the failure modes for different parts of the blade were determined. Finally, the compressor impeller was optimized by decreasing the rotation speed, increasing the natural fre-quency of blade and improving the fatigue strength of the impeller exit. The fault reproduction test and the compressor per-formance test show that the maximum allowable speed of turbocharger increases by 10% , meeting the working requirements desired by the engine for different altitudes.

关 键 词：压气机 叶轮 高原环境 失效分析 

分 类 号：TK413.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]