生态支撑力概念模型的构建及应用  

Construction and Application of Ecological Supporting Capacity Conceptual Model

作　　者：顾琦玮[1] 王红旗[1] 刘晓宇[1] 田雅楠[2] 郑燚楠 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2017年第2期249-256,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查工作项目(1212011220097;12120115051201)

摘　　要：为了反映自然生态系统在维持生态平衡时对生态承载力所产生的作用效果,构建了评价自然生态系统抗扰动能力的生态支撑力概念及模型,采用基于Kendall's W检验法改进后的主成分投影法,对海南省重要生态区进行生态支撑力评价.生态支撑力所反映的生态承载力的向上支撑作用效果取决于"生境""生物群落""物质循环和能量流动"这三方面,故通过表征这三方面的自然驱动力、生态结构和生态功能准则层来构建生态支撑力概念模型及评价指标体系.案例研究结果表明:2000—2010年海南省重要生态区东部生态支撑力指数长期处于Ⅲ级(中等)水平以上,而西部均处于Ⅳ级(较低)水平以下,这与2020年海南省主体功能区规划和区域经济差异特征相符;海南省重要生态区生态支撑力指数处于Ⅰ级(高等)水平的面积所占比例由2000年的17.15%升至2010年的30.57%,增幅达78.25%,表明生态支撑力逐渐好转,推测与海南省实施生态特区建设密切相关.研究显示,所提出的生态支撑力概念模型及应用能客观地反映该区生态环境状况及其影响成因,将有助于海南省重要生态区的生态安全维护和管理决策的制订.In order to determine the effects of ecological carrying capacity（ECC）,which is affected by natural ecosystems in maintaining ecological balances,the ecological supporting capacity（ESC） concept and conceptual model were proposed to evaluate the ability of an ecosystem to resist disturbances.An adapted,modified principal component projection method based on Kendall’ s W was adopted in studying the ecological supporting capacity of important eco-functional districts in Hainan Province（IEFDH）.The result showed that the supporting effect of ECC reflected by ESC was dependent on three aspects：habitat,biological community and material cycle and energy flow.These were expressed as three criteria layers,including nature driving force,ecological structure and ecology function,which constructed the ESC conceptual model and evaluation index system.In addition,the results of the case study indicated that from 2000 to2010,the trend was that ESC index was above level III（medium level） in the east,while the rest was below level IV（fairly low level）,coinciding with the principal functional zoning division in 2020 and the characteristics of regional economic differences in Hainan Province.Moreover,it was observed that the area ratio of ESC in level I（high level） increased from 17.15% in 2000 to 30.57% in2010,an increase of 78.25%,implying that the improving trend of ESC was closely related to the special ecological zone in Hainan Province.The study showed that the proposed conceptual model of ESC and its application can objectively reflect ecological environment conditions and factors,which are feasible for supporting ecological security maintenance and management in the IEFDH.

关 键 词：生态支撑力 生态支撑力概念模型 主成分投影法 海南省重要生态区 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]