风电机组精细化建模及硬件在环实时联合仿真  

Refined Modeling of Wind Energy Conversion Systems and Real-time Co-simulation With Hardware-in-loop

作　　者：贾锋[1] 蔡旭[1] 李征[2] 娄尧林[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院,上海市闵行区200240 [2]东华大学信息科学与技术学院,上海市松江区201620

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2017年第4期1239-1250,共12页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(14ZR1400700);风力发电系统国家重点实验室开放课题(2014001);中国电力科学研究院实验室开放基金~~

摘　　要：介绍了风电机组模型的完整构成,阐明了各组成部分之间的复杂耦合关系,由此提出风电机组各个部分进行精细化建模所需考虑的因素,并指出现有简化模型忽略的因素及不足。在此基础上,设计了满足精细化要求的基于RTDS与Bladed的实时风电机组联合仿真平台。其中,Bladed的实时性由硬件测试模块保证,将风模型、气动模型、机械部分模型、变桨系统模型和偏航系统模型建立在Bladed中,将风电机组电气部分模型和控制系统模型建立在RTDS中,以发电机转子运动学方程作为机电耦合快、慢时间尺度之间的接口,并借助于PLC实现Bladed和RTDS之间的通信。在此基础上,按照实际机组控制系统架构构建了主控制器和变流器控制器硬件在环的联合仿真,最后通过多组硬件在环仿真充分展现了实时联合仿真平台的独特性能。This paper introduced the compositions of the wind energy conversion system（WECS） model, illustrated the coupling relations between each component, put forward the factors need to be considered for refined modeling, and then pointed out the lost details of existing simplified models. On the basis, a real-time co-simulation platform was built based on real time digital simulator（RTDS） and Bladed, which can precisely simulate the dynamics of the whole turbine. Among them, the hardware test module was used to keep Bladed in real-time. The wind model, the aerodynamics model, the structural dynamics model, the pitch actuator model and the yaw actuator model were built in Bladed, while the electrical parts of the WECS and control system model were built in RTDS. Bladed communicated with RTDS through a specified PLC, taking kinematics equations of the generator rotor as the interface of electro-mechanical coupling between fast-timescale parts and slow-time-scale parts. On the basis, the controller hardware-in-loop（HIL） co-simulation was built, in which, the physical control system has the same framework to that of a real turbine, consisting of a PLC as the central controller and a DSP as the converter controller. At last, the superiority of the co-simulation platform was demonstrated by multiple sets of HIL simulation.

关 键 词：风电机组建模 RTDS Bladed 实时 联合仿真 精细化模型 气–弹–机–电耦合 多时间步长 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]