集中和分散注意对多感觉整合中听觉主导效应的影响  

Effect of selective and divided attentions on auditory dominance in multisensory integration

作　　者：于薇[1,2] 王爱君[3] 张明[3] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学心理学院,长春130024 [2]长春中医药大学招生与就业处,长春130117 [3]苏州大学心理学系,苏州215123

出　　处：《心理学报》2017年第2期164-173,共10页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31371025)资助

摘　　要：听觉主导效应是指多感觉通道信息整合过程中,听觉通道中的信息得到优先加工,从而主导其他感觉通道的信息。研究采用经典的声音诱发闪光错觉的范式,通过两个实验操纵了注意资源的分配方式以及实验任务难度,考察了主动注意听觉通道的声音刺激对声音诱发闪光错觉产生的影响,以及任务难度对声音诱发闪光错觉的影响。结果发现:(1)裂变错觉会受到注意资源分配程度的影响,但是融合错觉则不然;(2)任务难度既不会影响裂变错觉,也不会影响融合错觉。说明了分散注意能够影响听觉主导效应中的裂变错觉,并且这种主导效应与任务难度无关。Auditory dominance refers to that auditory information competes for preferential access to consciousness in multisensory integration. Sound-induced flash illusion is an auditory dominance phenomenon in multisensory integration, which is the perception of brief visual stimuli could be qualitatively altered by concurrent brief sounds. It has been well documented that sound-induced flash illusion reflects cross-modal interactions at a perceptual level, and the illusion is too robust to change in many stimulus parameters. It remains unknown how modal-based attention influences the multisensory integration. Prior studies mostly asked participants to focus on the visual modal and ignore the auditory modal, however, in present study, we not only manipulated the modal-based attention （selective attention vs. divided attention） to ask the participants to focus their attention either on the visual modal or the auditory modal, but also manipulated task difficulty （high vs. low） to investigate how the cognitive control influences the sound-induced flash illusion. The present study was a 2 （modal-based attention： selective attention vs. divided attention） x 2 （flash number： 1 vs. 2） x 3 （sound number： 0 vs. 1 vs. 2） factorial design in the two experiments, the factor of modal-based attention was manipulated by block. In experiment 1, asking the participants to judge the number of flashes first, then judge the number of sounds. In experiment 2, we increased the task difficulty, asking the participants to judge the numbers of flashes first, then judge whether the number of flash and sound were consistent. In present study, we mainly focused on the fission illusion （when a single brief visual flash is accompanied by two auditory bleeps and perceived incorrectly as two flashes） and the fusion illusion （where a double flash is accompanied by a single bleep and perceived incorrectly as a single flash）. From the results of accuracy （ACC）, showing that fission illusion was larger than fusion il

关 键 词：多感觉整合 听觉主导效应 裂变和融合错觉 集中和分散注意 任务难度 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]