论自然灾害经济损失评估研究的重要性  

Importance of economic loss evaluation in natural hazard and disaster research

作　　者：李宁[1,2,3] 张正涛[1,3] 陈曦[1,3] 冯介玲 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理科学学部地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学地理科学学部环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学地理科学学部民政部/教育部减灾与应急管理研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2017年第2期256-263,共8页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项课题(2016YFA0602403);国家自然科学基金项目(41171401;41101506);国家重大科学研究计划(2012CB955402);北京市自然科学基金项目(9172010);中央高校基本科研业务专项(310421101)~~

摘　　要：本文就当前国内外对灾害经济损失的认识、损失评估在灾害管理中的重要作用、灾害直接经济损失和间接经济损失评估存在的问题进行了综合分析,论证了灾害损失评估研究的重要性,区分了直接损失和间接损失的差异,阐述了间接损失评估的必要性和可行性。研究结果表明,直接损失和间接损失的评估同等重要、通过合理的评估方法得到的直接和间接损失的评估结果既是防灾减灾的迫切需求,也有利于提高防灾减损的管理水平。灾害学与经济学相结合是有效改进评估方法并提高灾害经济损失评估水平的有效途径。This article comprehensively analyzes the current thinking about disaster economic losses in China and internationally, the importance of loss evaluation in disaster management, and issues in the assessment of di- rect and indirect losses caused by natural hazards and disasters. It examines the progress of research in China on disaster impact evaluation methods and the current requirements of disaster management on loss evaluation. The article expounds the importance of understanding the economic losses of natural hazards and disasters, distin- guishes the difference between total losses and direct loss, and demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of indi- rect loss evaluation of disasters. The results show that both direct and indirect loss assessments are important, and loss evaluation results based on sound assessment methods are urgently needed for disaster prevention and mitigation. Economic loss evaluations are also beneficial for measuring the effect of disaster management for im- proved disaster prevention and mitigation. Integration of disaster science and economics is an effective way to improve disaster economic loss evaluation.

关 键 词：直接经济损失 间接经济损失 灾害损失评估 重要性 防灾减损 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]