不同栽培措施组合对白肋烟TSNAs含量及品质的影响  

Effects of different cultivation measures on TSNA contents and quality of burley tobacco

作　　者：陈翔[1,2] 高艾飞[3] 李晓清[3] 边文杰[4] 张艳敏[1] 周晓峰[1] 程新胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学烟草与健康研究中心 [2]安徽农业大学农学院 [3]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司建始县烟叶分公司,湖北省建始县朝阳大道8号445300 [4]安徽中烟工业有限责任公司

出　　处：《烟草科技》2017年第2期1-8,共8页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大专项"利用仿生型信号分子降低白肋烟烟叶TSNAs关键技术研究"(JH-04)

摘　　要：为揭示不同栽培措施组合对烟草特有亚硝胺(TSNAs)含量(质量分数)及品质的影响,采用正交试验研究了白肋烟品种、施氮量、仿生型信号分子(Bionics signal molecule,BSM)剂量三因素组合对上部烟叶TSNAs、生物碱、硝态氮、常规化学成分与感官品质的影响。结果表明:品种是影响TSNAs及其前体物生物碱含量的主要因素,低烟碱转化率品种TSNAs含量低于其他品种;施氮量对TSNAs及其前体物含量影响差异较大,施氮量210 kg·hm^(-2)时烟叶中生物碱、硝态氮以及TSNAs含量均低于施氮量270 kg·hm^(-2)和施氮量330 kg·hm^(-2)时的含量;打顶后涂抹BSM,上部烟叶的N-亚硝基降烟碱(NNN)和TSNAs总量均较低,烟叶的感官品质改善。因此,在湖北恩施白肋烟产区鄂烟1号LC、施氮量210 kg·hm^(-2)、0.1μmol·L-1BSM涂抹或鄂烟3号LC、施氮量210 kg·hm^(-2)、清水涂抹的组合表现较好,是降低白肋烟上部叶TSNAs含量的有效措施。To study the influence of different cultivation measures on the TSNA contents and quality of burley tobacco,an orthogonal experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of tobacco varieties,nitrogen application rate and BSM dosage on the TSNAs,minor alkaloids,nitrate nitrogen,and other conventional chemical components and sensory quality of upper burley tobacco leaves.The results showed that tobacco variety was the main factor influencing the contents of TSNAs and minor alkaloids.The TSNA contents in the variety of low nicotine conversion rate were lower than those in the other varieties.Nitrogen application rate greatly affected the contents of TSNAs and their precursors,the contents of minor alkaloids,nitrate nitrogen.TSNAs at the nitrogen application rate of 210 kg/ha were lower than those at the nitrogen application rate of270 or 330 kg/ha.BSM application after topping decreased the contents of NNN and TSNAs and promoted the sensory quality of burley tobacco.Therefore,the combination of cv.Eyan1 LC,nitrogen application rate of 210kg/ha,0.1 μ mol·L（-1）BSM and that of cv.Eyan3 LC,nitrogen application rate of 210 kg/ha,water application are recommended for Enshi burley tobacco planting area in Hubei.

关 键 词：白肋烟 栽培措施 烟草特有亚硝胺(TSNAs) 烟叶 品质 

分 类 号：TS411.2[农业科学—烟草工业]