胚胎干细胞向体表外胚层及角膜上皮细胞分化过程中信号通路的调节  

Signaling pathways inducing embryonic stem cells to differentiate into epidermal and corneal epithelial cells

作　　者：侯璐璐[1,2] 黄一飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院眼科,北京100853 [2]吉林大学第一医院眼科中心,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》2017年第2期195-202,共8页Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

基　　金：国家973重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB967001);国家自然科学基金(31271059);国家自然科学基金(81670830)~~

摘　　要：干细胞泛指体外具有自我更新和多向或定向分化潜能的细胞,胚胎干细胞则可被诱导分化形成内胚层、中胚层及外胚层来源的200余种不同细胞。角膜上皮细胞来源于胚胎发育时期的表皮外胚层。临床上严重、广泛的眼表损伤,需要具有增殖能力的角膜上皮细胞修复损伤。利用体内外研究体系模拟体内胚胎发育及组织环境,阐明具有生物活性的角膜上皮细胞的发育过程,为再生医学提供依据,是近年来研究的热点之一。本文介绍了Notch、Wnt、骨形态发生蛋白及成纤维生长因子等调控表皮外胚层发育及与角膜上皮细胞分化相关的信号通路,以既往实验研究为基础,就各信号通路调控的机制及主要调控因子进行综述。Stem cells are a group of self-renewal cells with the potential to differentiate into a variety of cell lineages.Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into more than 200 types of cell lineages belonging to endodermal, mesodermal and ectodermal tissues.Corneal epithelial cells derive from epidermal ectoderm during embryonic development.When the ocular surface is severely damaged, corneal epithelium with proliferation potential is essential for its reconstruction.Recent studies are focused on differentiation of bioactive corneal epithelial cells.This review summarizes signaling pathways including Notch, Wnt, bone morphogenetc protein or fibroblast growth factor pathways that are involved in regulating the development of embryonic ectoderm and corneal epithelial cells revealed in previous studies.

关 键 词：胚胎干细胞 外胚层 角膜上皮细胞 信号通路 

分 类 号：R772.2[医药卫生—眼科]