论秦汉时牛的数量与用途  

On the Number and Purpose of Cattle during the Qin and Han Dynasties

作　　者：郭俊然[1] 

机构地区：[1]商丘师范学院历史与社会学院,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《五邑大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第1期58-61,共4页Journal of Wuyi University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：汉代牛的数量很多,但在战争或自然灾害的影响下,牛的数量会急剧减少。牛主要用来耕地和拉车。牛耕在汉代得到了普遍推广,并出现了"一人一牛三犁"的先进耕作技术。秦汉政府都拥有大量的牛车,并对这些牛车制定了具体、严格的管理法规。此外,牛还被用来杵舂、作战等。秦汉政府对耕牛的保护都相当重视,其目的是为了保护农业生产。There were a large number of cattle in the Han Dynasty,but their number could decrease dramatically during war or natural disasters. Cattle were used mainly for tilling land and pulling carts. Farming with cattle was widespread in the Han Dynasty,and the advanced farming technique of'one person- one cattle- three plows'had emerged. The Qin and Han governments owned a large number of bullock- carts and formulated specific and strict management regulations regarding them. In addition,cattle were used for husking grain and fighting in wars. The Qin and Han governments attached considerable importance to the protection of farming cattle with a view to protecting the agricultural production.

关 键 词：耕牛 牛车 秦汉 牛耕 

分 类 号：K232[历史地理—历史学]