科学计量指标在院校管理中的应用、问题与对策  

Application, Problem and Countermeasure for Citation Analysis in the Higher Education Management

作　　者：张端鸿[1] 刘玉仙[1,2] Zhang Duanhong Liu Yuxian(Institute of Higher Education Library, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092)

机构地区：[1]同济大学高等教育研究所 [2]同济大学图书馆,上海200092

出　　处：《上海教育评估研究》2017年第1期8-12,共5页Shanghai Journal of Educational Evaluation

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金(14YJC880107);自然科学基金(71173154);同济大学中央高校基本科研业务费资助

摘　　要：引文分析在中国院校管理中,主要被用于人才评价、学科评价和大学评价。因为科研活动的差异性,所要解决的科学问题难易程度不一,科研产出及其价值也难以具体量化表示。在实际应用过程中,研究者没有重视定性和定量的结合,把科学计量学指标绝对化。把论文和引文局限在科研成果的优劣性评价上,致使科学计量学指标不能表达其背后所反映的科学研究活动的多样性特征,造成科学计量学在学科和科研的评价中存在广泛的误用。我们应当避免把文献计量学指标对科学研究的归一化评价绝对化,要综合运用多种分析指标,同时也要积极开发文献计量学指标的其他功能。Citation analysis in China＇s higher education management is mainly used in the talent evaluation, subject evaluation and university evaluation. Because of the difference in scientific research activities, the difficulty of the scientific problems to be solved is not at the same degree. The output of scientific research and the value of research output are also difficult to be quantified. In practical application, the researchers did not attach importance to the combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses, they usually took the bibliometric indicators as absolute measurement. The indicators are limited to the evaluation of the merits and demerits of scientific research results, so that scientific indicators can＇t express the diversity of scientific research activi- ties reflected behind the characteristics. Bibliometric indicators are used in the evaluation of uni- versities and disciplines, and caused a wide range of misuse. We should avoid taking bibliometric indicators as the absolute evaluation, and develop the comprehensive use of a variety of indicators.

关 键 词：引文分析 院校管理 使用 问题与误用 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学] G256[文化科学—教育学]