文道关系论之古今演变  

The Evolution of Relation between Writing and Truth through the History of Chinese Literary Criticism

作　　者：周兴陆[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国古代文学研究中心

出　　处：《南京社会科学》2017年第2期127-135,共9页Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"传统与近现代诗学的变与通"(12BZW071)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：传统文论的"文道论",是指"文章"与道的关系,而非近人所谓的"文学",文道关系主要有明道、载道、害道三种形态。理学和心学对作文主体有不同的规定,前者主张以道理、学力控御才气;后者重视作家的本色,强调作者的超然自得。文道分离论忽隐忽现地存在于历史之中,至晚清逐渐汇聚成一股重要的力量,与近代"纯文学"论融汇,导致传统"文以载道"论的解体;但是它并没有消失,而是被不断重释,"文以载道"在现代文学批评史上依然存在。但"文以载道"原本所具有的重道轻文色彩弱化了,现代的"文以载道"论一般没有放弃文学本位立场。这是对传统文学理论观念的新阐发,是传统文学理论在近现代的新发展。In ancient China,there was a proposition that writings were for conveying truth. But the writing is not equal to the literary. Some ancient Chinese thought writings could manifest and convey truth, even harm it. Neo-Confucianism emphasized the truth and knowledge to hold up writer＇ s literary talents. Wang School＇ s leftists esteemed writer＇ s individual spirit and talent highly. In the long history of Chinese literature, writings got rid of the shackles of truth gradually and became more independent, in the end combined to the belles-lettres. But literature conveying truth and serving politics and revolution was still an important principle in modem Chinese history of literary criticism, even the literature didn＇ t give up its egoistic position. Conveying the truth is a basic principle of literature in ancient and modem Chinese history, but show differently at different times.

关 键 词：明道 载道 害道 文道分离 古今演变 

分 类 号：I209[文学—中国文学]