两个葡萄杂交后代根系抗葡萄根瘤蚜及抗寒性鉴定  

Evaluation on phylloxera resistance and cold hardiness of roots of two grape hybrid combinations

作　　者：杜远鹏[1] 高振[1] 付晴晴[1] 郭淑华[1] 翟衡[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2017年第2期197-204,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家现代葡萄产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30);长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT15R42)

摘　　要：【目的】为了筛选抗葡萄根瘤蚜Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch且抗寒的葡萄砧木以适应我国葡萄生产需求。【方法】以山葡萄Vitis amurensis Rupr.左山1号×SO4杂种F1代的45个株系(A系列)和左山1号×101-1杂种F1代27个株系(B系列)为试材,采用离体根接种鉴定法进行抗葡萄根瘤蚜鉴定及抗性分级;采用差热分析系统(differential thermal analysis,DTA)进行各株系根系的低温放热(low temperature exotherms,LTE)分析,建立各株系根系韧皮部及木质部的温度-伤害度(LT-I)回归方程,评估各株系根系的抗寒性。【结果】葡萄根瘤蚜在杂交株系根系上的产卵量均显著低于敏感品种巨峰,筛选出被葡萄根瘤蚜侵染后不能形成根瘤,抗葡萄根瘤蚜级别为0级的A系列杂交株系18个和B系列株系11个。被葡萄根瘤蚜侵染后形成根瘤比例低于10%的抗葡萄根瘤蚜级别为1级的A系列杂交株系9个和B系列株系4个;筛选出A系列综合低温放热温度隶属度函数、韧皮部和木质部低温放热温度隶属度函数3个指标均低于贝达的株系27个,B系列各指标均低于贝达的株系3个。【结论】本研究筛选出抗寒性强且对葡萄根瘤蚜抗性强的A系列株系15个和B系列株系2个。其中,A14,A16,A18,A22,A23,A28,A34,A35,A38,A44,A50,B24和B26对葡萄根瘤蚜抗性级别为0;A11,A15,A17和A27对葡萄根瘤蚜抗性级别为1。【Aim】To screen cold-tolerant and phylloxera（ Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch）-resistant grape rootstocks for grapevine industry. 【Methods】Laboratory bioassays were conducted on 45 strains（ series A） of hybrid combination Vitis amurensis Rupr. Zuoshan No. 1 × SO4 and 27 strains（ series B） of hybrid combination V. amurensis Rupr. Zuoshan No. 1 × 101-1 to evaluate their resistance classes to phylloxera.A system of differential thermal analysis（ DTA） was used for low temperature exotherms（ LTE） analysis of roots of these strains,and the temperature-injury（ LT-I） regression functions were established to evaluate the cold hardiness of roots. 【Results】Phylloxera produced less eggs on these hybrid strains than on the susceptible strain Kyoho,and 18 strains from series A and 11 strains from series B with no tuberosities were classified with the resistance class 0,and nine varieties from series A and four varieties from series B with less than 10% tuberosities were classified with the resistance class 1. Twenty-seven strains from series A and three strains from series B,whose root,phloem and xylem subordination values were all lower than those of Beta,were selected for phylloxera resistance comparison. 【Conclusion】In this study 15 strains from series A and 2 strains from series B with high phylloxera resistance and coldhardiness were selected,and the resistance class of A14,A16,A18,A22,A23,A28,A34,A35,A38,A44,A50,B24 and B26 was 0,and that of A11,A15,A17 and A27 was 1.

关 键 词：葡萄 山葡萄 葡萄根瘤蚜 葡萄根瘤蚜抗性 抗寒性 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]