语义三角理论与法哲学的方法论问题--兼论自然法学派“不义之法不是法”命题的逻辑自洽性  

The Theory of Semantic Triangle and the Problems of Methodology of Legal Philosophy:On the Logical Self-consistency of the Proposition of“Unjust Law Is not Law”in Natural Law School

作　　者：陈庆[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学法学院 [2]西南大学拉丁文经藏研究所

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2017年第2期42-60,共19页Law and Social Development

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究西部和边疆地区青年基金项目“论古典自然法:托马斯·阿奎那《神学大全·论法律》(拉丁文本)的翻译与解释”(12XJC820003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助的重点项目“古典自然法思想研究:关于托马斯·阿奎那《论法律》的解释与翻译”(SWU1109004);西南大学科研基金资助项目(SWU10344);国家留学基金项目的阶段性成果

摘　　要：自然法学派以亚里士多德-托马斯语义三角理论作为其方法论基础。语义三角理论认为,任何概念性理解蕴含三个维度:第一,言词与生命性受动之间的意指维度;第二,言词与物之间的意指维度;第三,生命性受动与物之间的相似性维度。前两个维度具有制度性,第三个维度具有自然性。从语义三角理论角度看,以哈特、拉兹与菲尼斯为代表的法理学家的方法论进路存在逻辑缺陷:当这些法理学家为了定义"法"而"挑选中心情形"时,他们就已经在运用一套"挑选标准",但该挑选标准的合理性是未加证明的。从语义三角理论看,自然法学派"不义之法不是法"命题具有逻辑自洽性。The theory of Aristotle-Thomas＇s Semantic Triangle, which thinks that there are three dimensions concerning any conceptual understanding, i. e. , the dimension of words signifying the passions of soul, the dimension of words signifying the thing, and the dimension of similitude between the passions of soul and the thing, is the fundamentals of methodology of Natural Law School. The dimension of words signi- fying the passions of soul and the dimension of words signifying the thing are institutional, but the dimension of similitude between the passions of soul and the thing is natural. From the point of view of the theory of Se- mantic Triangle, the method of modern jurists such as Hart, Raz, and Finnis has a defect ： when they select the central cases, they have presumed a standard of selection, but the reasonableness of the standard is not proved. From the point of view of the theory of Semantic Triangle, the proposition of Natural Law School, i. e. , ＂Unjust law is not law＂, is self-consistent.

关 键 词：法哲学 方法论 自然法 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论]