脑卒中患者生活质量的痛点:抑郁、睡眠与认知  

Pain spots of post stroke patients: Depression, sleep apnea and cognition impairment

作　　者：时彦莹 张潇潇[1] 余苹[1] 张宁[2] 王春雪[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学研究生院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经精神医学与临床心理科,北京100050

出　　处：《科技导报》2017年第4期36-39,共4页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(2015BAI13B03);北京市科学技术委员会"脑科学研究"专项(Z161100000216131);北京市科学技术委员会"脑科学研究"专项(Z151100003915117);首都医科大学基础临床科研合作课题(16JL(TTZX)03)

摘　　要：随着脑血管病治疗的进展,卒中后死亡率显著下降。但是在长期存活的卒中患者中,抑郁、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、认知功能障碍这3个卒中后常见的并发症在很大程度上影响其生活质量。本文综述了近年来以上3大卒中后并发症的发病情况、诊断及治疗原则。其中,卒中后抑郁的确诊率很低,需要及时发现并综合运用心理治疗、药物治疗和康复训练等多种治疗手段;睡眠障碍的并发可直接影响卒中复发率,需要经过睡眠监测,经鼻持续气道正压通气治疗是有效的治疗方法;认知障碍也是一个与患者预后明显相关的因素。发现此3种并发症后应采取积极治疗,否则会显著增加脑血管病复发、死亡、残疾的风险,同时对患者生活质量、人际关系及社会功能有着严重的不良影响。The mortality of post-stroke patients has declined remarkably with the development of treatment for cerebrovascular diseases.But the long- term survived patients often suffer from great trouble of mental disorder, sleep apnea and cognitive impairment, as three common complications, and they influence their life quality deeply. Post-stroke depression has a low diagnose rate, it is important to be diagnosed in time and to be treated with psychotherapy, medicine and rehabilitation training. The sleep apnea can influence the rate of recurrence for the stroke. Polysomnography is needed, and the CPAP is an available treatment. The cognitive impairment is an important factor related to prognosis. These complications should be understood and a positive treatment should be taken, or the risk of recurrence will be increased, as well as the risk of death, and disability, and great adverse effects with respect to patients＇ life quality, social relationship and function.

关 键 词：脑卒中 预防 康复 抑郁 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 认知功能障碍 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]