1起水痘爆发疫情的现场流行病学调查  

Epidemiological investigation of a varicella outbreak in school

作　　者：甘立勤[1] 许玉成[2] 钟剑明[2] 张起文[1] GAN Li-qin XU Yu-cheng ZHONG Jian-ming et al(Longgang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518100 [2]深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国校医》2017年第2期112-114,共3页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的了解水痘疫情在校园传播规律,提供有效的防控策略及方法。方法通过自行设计的调查问卷,采用当面询问或电话访问的形式获取班级成员的发病信息、社交圈等信息,通过病例对照研究探讨水痘疫情在班级内播散模式及途径。结果本次爆发疫情中累计学生患者20人,疫苗接种组与未接种组的发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.79,P<0.05);与首发病例为好友关系组发病风险显著高于非好友组;并通过多因素Logistic回归验证上述危险因素。结论接种水痘疫苗能有效预防水痘的发生以及缩小水痘疫情的规模,此外在学校班级内的水痘疫情主要的传播模式是好友间的亲密行为。Objective To reveal the spread pattern of a varicella outbreak in school and provide an effective method to prevent and control the epidemic. Methods The information was collected through questionnaires and a casecontrol study was performed to find out the spread model of the disease. Results In this case, totally 20 students got sick, and the morbidity of the vaccinated-group and non-vaccinated-group had a statistically significant difference（χ2=7.79,P〈0.05）. The friends of the index case had a significantly higher morbidity than others. Conclusion Varicella vac-cination can effectively prevent the outbreak of varicella, and the intimate behavior between students could be the reason of spread.

关 键 词：青少年 学生 学校 水痘/流行病学 疾病爆发流行 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]