基于结构光视觉技术的圆柱度测量新方法  

New method of cylindricity measurement based on structured light vision technology

作　　者：周晓东[1,2] 张雅超[1] 谭庆昌[1] 张维君[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学机械科学与工程学院,长春130022 [2]长春工业大学机电工程学院,长春130012 [3]空军航空大学飞行器与动力系,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2017年第2期524-529,共6页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51405184);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20160520070JH)

摘　　要：针对机器视觉测量轴类零件的圆柱度误差时因使用畸变严重的鱼眼镜头影响测量精度的问题,提出了一种基于结构光视觉技术的圆柱度测量新方法。该方法投射的结构光与被测轴轴线方向近似平行,考虑轴类零件的特征和鱼眼镜头畸变分布的规律,将视场分为多个区域进行畸变修正。给出了结构光分区标定的模型、测量数据的提取及数据转换的方法。通过对标准轴的测量检验了本文方法的可行性和准确性,实验结果表明,直径为27.68mm、长为300mm的轴的圆柱度的测量精度为20μm。该方法不仅满足产品几何技术规范的采样要求,而且具有非接触、高效、在线测量的特点,能为圆柱度的精确评定提供可靠的数据信息。In the measurement of cylindricity errors of shaft parts using machine vision technology, severely distorted fishy lens will influenced the precision. To overcome this problem, a new method is proposed based on structured light vision technology. In this method, the projected structure light is approximate parallel to the direction of the measured axis. The field of view is divided into multi-regions according to the characteristics of the shaft elements and the distribution of the lens distortion, then multi-regions calibration is carried out. The multi-calibration model, the data extraction and data processing methods are given. The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method are verified by measuring a standard shaft. Results show that the measuring accuracy of a shaft, diameter of 27.68 mm and length of 300 mm, is 20 μm. The method not only satisfies the sampling requirements of geometrical specification, but also has the advantages of non-contact, high efficiency and online measurement, which provides reliable data for cylindricity evaluation.

关 键 词：机械学 机器视觉 圆柱度 结构光视觉 分区标定 畸变 

分 类 号：TH115[机械工程—机械设计及理论]