有机负荷对醋糟厌氧消化系统启动的影响  

Effects of Organic Loading Rate on Startup Performance of Anaerobic Digestion with Vinegar Residues

作　　者：戴晓虎[1] 于春晓[1] 李宁[1] 董滨[1] 戴翎翎[1] DAI Xiao-hu YU Chun-xiao LI Ning DONG Bin DAI Ling-ling(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, Chin)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第3期1144-1150,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51308402;51538008);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC31B01)

摘　　要：本研究通过醋糟的中温产甲烷潜力测试实验,考察了有机负荷对醋糟厌氧消化反应器启动的影响.并通过对不同有机负荷条件下的甲烷产量、液相组分的对比分析,结合热重、X射线衍射和红外光谱学方法进行差异表征,结果发现:1较低的有机负荷有利于缓解醋糟中有机物水解酸化过程中VFAs的积累和pH的下降,保证产甲烷过程的稳定进行.当接种物与基质VS比为1∶1[即有机负荷(以VS计)为1.78 g·(L·d)^(-1),pH=7.60]时的累积甲烷产量最高,达2 249.7 m L.随着有机负荷的提高,VFAs的累积浓度随之升高,使产甲烷过程受到不同程度的抑制并相继终止,且在接种物与基质VS比为1∶4时[即有机负荷为7.12 g·(L·d)^(-1),pH=5.52]实现了乙酸和乳酸的同步发酵(分别可达到8 000 mg·L^(-1)和2 650 mg·L^(-1)).2醋糟中木质纤维素类物质为短程有序的微晶结构或非晶结构,与富含纤维素类晶体结构物质的玉米秸秆等相比,其VS的降解率更高.醋糟中的木质素、纤维素、半纤维素的降解率随着有机负荷的降低而逐渐升高.Biochemical methane potential experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of organic loading rate on the performance of anaerobic digesters with vinegar residues. According to the comparisons of methane production and liquid phase compositions,as well as thermogravimetry,X-ray Diffraction and infrared spectroscopy analyses,the conclusions could be drawn that：1Lower organic loading rate was better to mitigate the accumulation of VFAs and pH decrease during the hydrolysis and acidification of organic matters,which consequently improved methane production. When the inoculum to substrate ratio was 1∶ 1 [organic loading rate of 1. 78 g·（ L·d）（-1）,pH = 7. 60],the cumulative methane production was the highest,reaching 2 249. 7 m L,and the performance of the digesters was stable. The VFAs content increased with the increase of the organic loading rate,leading to the suppression and further the stop of methane production. And when the inoculum to substrate ratio was 1∶ 4 [organic loading rate of 7. 12 g·（ L·d）（-1）,pH = 5. 52 ],the simultaneous generation of acetate and lactic acids could be achieved at 8 000 mg·L（-1） and 2 650 mg·L（-1）,respectively. 2As vinegar residues were short-range ordered with microcrystalline structure or mainly contained amorphous substances,they were more biodegradable than feedstocks such as corn stalk. During the anaerobic digestion processes,the degradation rates of lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose increased with the decrease of organic loading rate.

关 键 词：醋糟 厌氧消化 有机负荷 热重 红外光谱 

分 类 号：X797[环境科学与工程—环境工程]