青少年冒险行为的发生机制:双加工模型的解释  

The Formation Mechanisms of Adolescents' Risk-Taking Behaviors: the Explanations of Dual Processing Models

作　　者：李永梅[1] 田录梅[1] 袁竞驰 单楠[1] 刘翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2017年第1期189-193,共5页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2014CM016)

摘　　要：青少年期是冒险行为的高发期,长期以来研究者对其发生机制进行了大量研究。该文在简要介绍传统决策模型的基础上主要综述了解释青少年冒险行为发生机制的双加工模型,包含模糊痕迹理论、原型-意愿模型两个认知加工模型和双系统模型、成熟不平衡模型两个神经生物学模型。尽管上述模型在一定程度上解释了青春期冒险行为高发的原因,但是这些双加工模型及其有关研究仍存在诸多问题和不足。如关于决策模式存在相互对立的观点、关于认知能力发展存在分歧、模型的适用范围问题、神经生物模型的弊端、缺乏对真实冒险行为的研究等,未来研究对上述方面应予以关注。Adolescents＇ risk-taking behaviors, which peak in adolescence, have been investigated by many researchers for a long time. This paper first reviewed the traditional models of risk decision-making, and then analyzed four models explaining why adolescents＇ risk-taking behaviors were so frequent under a dual processing framework, including two cognitive dual processing models-Fuzzy-Trace Theory and Prototype-Willingness Model, and two neurobiological models-Dual Systems Model and Maturational Imbalance Theory.Shortages of these models and their related research were also discussed, such as the contradictory views about the decision mode, inconsistent idea of cognition development, the applicability of the models, the disadvantages of neurobiological models and absence of sufficient research on real-life risk-taking behaviors. Finally, it pointed out the possible directions of future research.

关 键 词：青少年 冒险行为 发生机制 传统决策模型 双加工模型 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]