林火蔓延模拟元胞自动机算法研究  

Research of cellular automata model for forest fire spreading simulation

作　　者：周国雄[1] 吴淇 陈爱斌[1] Zhou Guoxiong Wu Qi Chen Aibin(School of Computer and Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry ＆ Technology, Changsha 410004, China School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学计算机与信息工程学院,长沙410004 [2]湖南大学信息科学与工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2017年第2期288-294,共7页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家948项目(2014-4-09);国家自然科学基金(31470659)项目资助

摘　　要：二维元胞自动机模型常用于林火蔓延中,但其存在迭代次数过多、进化过程不充分以及结束迭代的条件不明确等缺点。针对上述问题,提出一种基于多目标遗传算法的三维元胞空间林火蔓延模型。首先,将影响和决定林火蔓延因子的主体作为元胞引进二维元胞自动机模型中;其次,为了减少二维元胞自动机模型的迭代次数,明确结束迭代的条件,首先对初始化方式改进,采用三维球形元胞空间对二维元胞空间进行改进,其次通过多目标遗传算法对元胞自动机算法进行改进,从而提高林火蔓延模型预测精度。通过仿真结果,对比分析传统的二维元胞自动机模型、王正非模型以及Rothermel模型与本文提出的方法,可知本文提出的方法迭代次数大幅减少,运行时间大幅下降,使得元胞自动机的运行效率得到了显著提高。此外元胞自动机的终止条件得到了明确,且实际林火蔓延过程与提出的林火蔓延模型的实验仿真结果具有较高的相似性。Two-dimensional cellular automata model is often applied to simulate the forest fire spreading.However,the model has many disadvantages which include numerous iteration times,unfinished evolutionary process,uncertain condition of iteration,etc.Aiming at tackling these problems,a 3-D cellular space fire spread model based on genetic algorithm with multiple objectives is proposed.First,the main factors that influence the spreading of forest fire are applied to the two-dimensional cellular automaton model.Secondly,to decrease the iterations of cellular automaton model of spreading forest fire and identify the termination condition of iteration,the initial mode of the two-dimensional model is improved which utilizes the three-dimensional spherical cell space.The genetic algorithm with multiple objectives is applied to cellular automaton algorithm for improving the prediction accuracy of forest fire spreading model.By comparing the proposed method with the traditional two-dimensional cellular automaton model,Wangzhengfei model and Rothermel model,it can be seen that the proposed method in this paper can greatly reduce the number of iterations and the running time.The operation efficiency of the cellular automata is also improved remarkably.In addition,the termination condition of cellular automata is explicit.The actual forest fire spreading process has high similarity with the simulation results of the proposed forest fire spread model.

关 键 词：林火蔓延 森林火灾 三维元胞空间 多目标遗传算法 模拟 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TH89[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]