不对称性视阈下的英汉极性反义词标记性比较研究  

Contrastive Research on Markedness of Gradable Anti-Sense Adjectives Between English and Chinese from Asymmetric Perspective

作　　者：成汹涌[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学外语学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《外语教学》2017年第2期60-64,共5页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：河南省高等学校哲学社会科学基础研究重大项目"原型-模型论视阈下的二语标记性及习得研究"(项目编号:2016JCZD022);河南省政府决策研究招标课题"‘一带一路’战略背景下郑州航空港经济综合实验区所需‘外语+’人才培养机制创新研究"(项目编号:2016B018);河南省科技厅软科学研究计划项目"‘互联网+’背景下郑州航空港经济综合实验区所需涉外人才培养机制创新研究"(项目编号:162400410235)阶段性成果

摘　　要：语言的不对称性即标记现象体现在语言各个层面,本文通过对英汉极性反义形容词涵盖的计量反义词、评价极性词和非评价极性词的标记特征逐一进行对比分析后发现:无论是英语还是汉语,量度高的计量反义词通常是无标记的,量度低的则是有标记的;带褒扬色彩的评价极性词是无标记的,带贬抑色彩的则往往是有标记的;非评价极性词标记现象趋于动态多变。所以,英汉极性反义词标记规律及表现形式大体一致,彰显人类崇尚乐观向上的认知心理共性。The markedness or asymmetry phenomenon of language is reflected in all aspects of language. The current paper chooses gradable anti-sense adjectives as the target and discuss the markedness of gradable anti-sense adjectives in English and Chinese, involving measurement antonyms, evaluable gradable adjectives, and unevaluable gradable adjectives. In measurement antonyms, the high measurement is generally unmarked, and the low measurement is marked. In evaluable gradable ad- jectives, commendatory adjectives are unmarked, while derogatory ones are marked. The markedness of unevaluable gradable adjectives is dynamic. As such, the fundamental principles and forms of the markedness of gradable adjectives in English and Chinese are largely consistent, fully demonstrating the commonality of human cognitive psychology： advocating ＂＇ optimism＂ and tending towards ＂for good＂ complex.

关 键 词：不对称性 标记性 极性 反义形容词 英汉比较 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]