载人近地小行星探测器系统质量减小途径探讨  

Approaches to Mass Reduction of Spacecraft System in Manned Exploration to Near Earth Asteroid

作　　者：王开强[1] 张柏楠[1] 李志海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院载人航天总体部,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器工程》2017年第1期28-35,共8页Spacecraft Engineering

基　　金：基金项目:国家重大航天工程

摘　　要：为减小载人近地小行星探测器的系统质量,提出采用先期运送部分推进舱至小行星、可伸缩式舱体、发展核推进技术的3种技术途径。介绍了国内已有的载人近地小行星探测器的系统组成及其质量估算方法。在此基础上,结合一个载人登陆探测近地小行星的算例,给出了采用上述3种减小质量途径的载人探测器系统质量估算结果。对3种技术途径的探测器总质量减小效果进行了对比,对各技术途径的特点和难点进行了讨论。结果表明:3种技术途径均可有效地减小载人探测器系统的总质量,有助于提高载人近地小行星探测任务的可行性。To reduce the mass of spacecraft system in manned exploration to near earth asteroid（NEA）,three technical approaches are proposed.They are sending apart of the propulsion module to the target asteroid in advance,applying the inflatable module and developing nuclear propulsion,respectively.One manned asteroid exploration spacecraft system as well as its mass calculation method proposed before are introduced.On the basis of them,the mass calculated of the spacecraft system in a manned exploration case to NEA are obtained with the use of the three approaches.Comparison among the three approaches on the mass reduction of the spacecraft system is made,and the characters of each approach based as well as difficulty in the application are discussed.It＇s shown that all of the approaches can effectively reduce the mass of the manned spacecraft system,which is conducive to enhancing the feasibility of the manned exploration mission to NEA.

关 键 词：近地小行星 载人探测器 技术途径 质量减小 

分 类 号：V476.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]