基于数值模拟的海底管道抛锚撞击机械损伤及其防护措施研究  

Study on Mechanical Damage and Protection Measures of Submarine Pipeline Impacted by Falling Anchor Based on Numerical Simulation

作　　者：余建星[1,2] 赵羿羽[1,2] 陈飞宇[1,2] 吴朝晖[3] 樊志远[1,2] 曾华章 叶彬彬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]高新船舶与深海开发装备协同创新中心,上海200240 [3]海洋石油工程股份有限公司设计公司,天津300451

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期117-123,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2014CB046803);国家自然科学基金项目(51239008;51379145);海洋工程作业安全模拟系统及工程应用研究(首期)项目资助~~

摘　　要：采用三维非线性动态有限元方法对抛锚撞击海底管道进行模拟。建立霍尔锚模型,考虑管土相互作用,研究不同撞击能量下抛锚撞击管道的机械损伤(最大凹陷)变化规律。对不同防护措施的防护效果进行探讨,包括埋深、混凝土配重层、加大径厚比等措施。数值模拟结果与试验结果进行对比,两者结果吻合较好。结果表明:当锚与管道接触面积越小时,锚对管道的撞击凹陷越大;加大埋深对抛锚撞击管道有很好防护的作用;管道内压对抛锚撞击管道有一定的抵抗作用;混凝土配重层对防护抛锚撞击管道的防护作用不明显;增加管道壁厚是防护抛锚撞击管道的有效措施之一,也应考虑经济性。本文研究结果为实际工程中降低抛锚撞击管道机械损伤后果提供参考。The transverse impact on a pipeline caused by a falling anchor is among the main factors resulting in submarine pipeline failure.The impact could cause leakage of the pipeline,resulting in a huge environmental disaster and heavy economic losses.To investigate the deformations of a pipeline impacted by falling anchors,a three-dimensional nonlinear dynamic finite element method was used to simulate the process.Hall anchor model was established,and pipe-soil interaction was considered.Mechanical damage of pipeline impacted by falling anchor under different impact energies was researched.Then different protection measures against falling anchor impact were discussed,including burial depth,concrete weight coating,diameter to thickness ratio.Small-scale model experiments were carried out.The experiment method involved lifting an anchor to the appointed height and then dropping the anchor to impact a steel pipeline on the ground.The anchor was set to impact the pipeline at the midpoint.The relative position of the pipeline and anchor should be adjusted to ensure that the falling direction and pipeline axial direction were in the same plane and were perpendicular.The pipelines were fixed at both ends to prevent any shift.The finite element simulation results exhibit a good agreement with experiment results.Through the analysis some conclusions are drawn.The standard calculation results are larger than the numerical simulation results.The conservative of standard method is validated.The dent depths of pipelines impacted by falling anchors depend on the impact energy and contact area.Dent depth of the pipeline increases with increasing anchor velocity and anchor mass.With the decrease of contact area between the pipe and anchor,the dent of the pipeline increases.Increasing burial depths of the pipeline have a good effect on impact protection.The pipeline inner pressure has a certain resistant to the impact.Protective effect of concrete weight coating is not obvious.Increasing pipe wall thickness is one of the effective mea

关 键 词：抛锚 机械损伤 海底管道 管土作用 埋深 

分 类 号：TE973.92[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]