3D GIS与有限元模拟无缝耦合方法及其在隧道工程中的应用研究  

Seamless coupling of 3D GIS techniques with FEM and its application to tunneling engineering

作　　者：刘振平[1] 刘建[1] 何雨微 贺怀建[1] 卞康[1] LIU Zhen-ping LIU Jian HE Yu-wei HE Huai-jian BIAN Kang(State Key Laboratory of Geomeehanies and Geoteehnieal Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science ,Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China Hubei Wuxue Yangtze River Highway Bridge Co., Ltd., Wuxue, Hubei 435400, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430071 [2]湖北武穴长江公路大桥有限公司,湖北武穴435400

出　　处：《岩土力学》2017年第3期866-874,901,共10页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2016YFC0401802);国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.51539002);国家自然科学青年基金项目(No.51204158;No.51209198)~~

摘　　要：为实现数值模拟获得的各种场数据与GIS空间信息的综合集成,有必要对GIS中融合有限元数值计算的方法开展研究。本文采用GRASS GIS、VTK等开源软件,通过Python语言建立了GIS与有限元模拟的复合系统开发框架,针对隧道开挖编写了3DGIS与有限元数值计算无缝耦合分析程序(3DPyGisTFEM)。给出了由中心线上多条轮廓线生成隧道模型的算法,提出了对各地层DEM与隧道模型进行剖切运算获得隧道开挖地质剖面的方法。引入Delaunay网格剖分算法,对GIS中TIN模型不断改良,获得了适合有限元模拟的地质剖面三角形网格。基于多个剖面计算结果,运用插值手段,形成研究区域场数据,结合GIS空间分析方法,对场数据分布规律进行综合分析,实现了GIS与有限元的无缝耦合。黄家寨隧道工程实例表明,相对坡度、隧道中心线缓冲区等因素,地表距隧道拱顶高差的空间分布特征与地表沉降规律相关性更强。For the integration of GIS spatial information and a variety of field data obtained by numerical simulation, FEM （finite element method） is necessary to be combined with GIS. To improve the efficiency of system development, the open source softwares, such as GRASS GIS and VTK, are used to establish complex system development framework combining FE simulation and GIS by Python language. The platform named 3DPyGisTFEM enables seamless coupling between FE calculation and 3DGIS for tunneling analysis. Moreover, the algorithm of tunnel model generation connects a series of contour lines with tunnel center lines. The geological sections of tunnel excavation can be obtained by cutting operation on different strata layer DEMs and tunnel models. The triangular meshes for finite element simulation introduced by Delaunay mesh generation algorithm improve TIN model of GIS. The field data of research area are generated by interpolation of multiple geological sections simulation results from FEM. Then, the seamless coupling method with FEM in GIS is realized through comprehensive analysis of field data using GIS spatial analysis methods. The Huangjiazhai tunnel engineering example shows that the ground surface elevation from tunnel crown has greater influence on surface settlement than other factors, such as relative slope, buffer and etc.

关 键 词：有限元法 地理信息系统 Delaunay网格剖分算法 无缝耦合 隧道工程 

分 类 号：O242.21[理学—计算数学] U45[理学—数学]