城市化对城市露水的影响  

The Impact of Urbanization on Urban Dew Condensation

作　　者：叶有华[1,2] 周凯[2,3] 彭少麟[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家环境保护饮用水水源地管理技术重点实验室//深圳市环境科学研究院,广东深圳518001 [2]中山大学胴宁害生物控制及资源利用国家重点实验室,广东广州510275 [3]河南科技学院园林学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第12期1953-1959,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502800);国家自然科学基金项目(30670385);广东省特聘教授(珠江学者)基金项目;深圳市环境科技计划项目(0708-144106ZXY030;SZZZ2015-C0007;LD2015GP-SZC055)

摘　　要：将城区露水与郊区露水进行比较研究,对研究城市化进程具有重要意义。以广州市区和从化郊区为研究对象,采用布片法收集露水,于2005年8—10月和2006年1月、4月和7月进行观测调查。结果显示,市区各季节露水发生频率的规律与郊区一致,即秋季>冬季>夏季>春季,尤其体现了秋季是露水多发季节这一特点(市区73.3%、郊区80.6%);除市区春季混凝土上凝结的平均露水量比从化郊区(0.016 mm)略高外,市区各下垫面上凝结的平均露水量都比郊区低;在春季草坪和混凝土上,市区和郊区夜间凝结的平均露水量无显著差异,其他季节各下垫面凝结的平均露水量在市区与郊区间的差异均达显著或极显著水平,如秋季郊区草坪、矮灌和混凝土上凝结的平均露水量分别是市区的6.4、10.4、4.5倍,分别达0.070、0.099、0.039 mm;夏季、秋季和冬季,从化郊区各下垫面上凝结的最大露水量都比市区高,如秋季郊区草坪、矮灌和混凝土上凝结的最大露水量分别是市区的4.6、4.1、5.0倍,分别达0.224、0.178、0.139 mm;城市化改变了各下垫面上露水凝结的季节变化规律,市区各下垫面露水的季节变化规律都与郊区相应下垫面露水的季节变化规律不同;市区露水样品酸化率达100%,比郊区露水样品酸化(43%)严重,城区露水样品最小和平均pH值均比郊区低约1个单位,城区最大露水pH值均比郊区低约1.5个单位。结果表明,城市化没有明显影响城郊露水的发生频率,但影响了其露水凝结量、下垫面上露水凝结的季节变化规律及酸度,城市露水酸化明显。It is of great significance to study the urbanization process by comparing the urban dew with country dew. In view of the current urban dew less comparative study carried out, this research is necessary. The experiments were carried out in the urban area of Guangzhou and its suburban areas. The dew collection was carried out by cloth-plate method. The observation time was August - October 2005 and January, April and July 2006 respectively. The results showed that the frequency of dew in different seasons was coincident with that in suburbs, ie, autumn〉winter〉summer〉spring, especially in the autumn （73.3% in urban area, 80.6% in country）. In addition to the spring mean dew amounts measured in urban concrete condensation slightly higher than those measured in Conghua country （0.016 ram）, the dew amounts of different underlying surface in city were all lower than those in country. In the spring, the average dew condensation volume measured from lawn and concrete in the urban area and the country had no significant difference, and the average dew condensation amount in the other seasons was significant or extremely significant in urban and suburbs. Such as in autumn, the average amount of dew condensation on lawn, shrub and concrete was 6.4 times, 10.4 times and 4.5 times higher than that in urban area, respectively, and arrived at 0.070, 0.099 and 0.039 mm. In the summer, autumn and winter, the maximum dew condensation volume on the suburb surface is higher than that in the urban area. Such as the autumn dew in country, condensed on lawn, shrub and concrete, was 4.6 times, 4.1 times, 5.0 times of that in city, respectively, and arrived at 0.224, 0.178 and 0.139 turn. Urbanization changed the seasonal variation of dew condensation on the underlying surface, and the seasonal variation of dew in the urban area was different from that in the suburbs. The dew water samples in the urban area were 100% acidified, and serious than that in country （43%）. The minimum and average pH values of the dew samples

关 键 词：城市化 城市露水 频率 凝结量 酸度 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]