岭南地区滨水绿地植物景观质量评价  

Landscape Quality Assessment of Waterfront Plants in Green Areas of Lingnan Region

作　　者：翁殊斐[1] 朱锦心[1] 苏志尧[1] 袁喆[1] 郜春丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广州510642

出　　处：《林业科学》2017年第1期20-27,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2013B020302004;2013B020305008)

摘　　要：【目的】评价岭南地区滨水绿地植物景观质量,揭示其营建规律,为植物造景和景观质量评价提供理论依据。【方法】以64个滨水绿地植物景观单元(100 m^2)为研究对象,采用美景度评价法(SBE法)和层次分析法(AHP法)对岭南地区滨水绿地植物景观单元的景观质量进行评价,探寻2种景观评价方法的适用性和相关性,并引入聚类分析法和回归分析法,分析植物景观单元的植物物种丰富度、多度和岭南特色滨水植物景观特征。【结果】基于美景度评价法的景观美景度值(Y_(SBE))和基于层次分析法的景观质量值(Y_(AHP))的排序差值在20位以内的景观单元数量占总数的75%,显示2种方法的评价结果一致性较高;聚类分析将64个植物景观单元分为5类,第1类景观单元2种方法评价结果均为优秀(景观美景度值大于0.50,景观质量值大于6.00),且大多数排序差值小于20位,第4和5类景观单元的美景度值排序均为最后7位,其中5个景观单元的2种评价方法排序差值小于12位,显示评价者有普遍一致的审美观,通过科学方法揭示植物景观营造的内在规律是可行的;景观单元的美景度主要受植物艺术配置多样性(x_6)和群落结构稳定性(x_9)2个指标影响,其回归方程为Y_(SBE)=-4.234 3+0.300 4 x_6+0.357 7 x_9;优秀景观单元中各生长型植物的物种丰富度配置为2种常绿乔木、1种落叶乔木、3种灌木、2种水生植物、4种地被植物,个体多度配置则为4株常绿乔木、1株落叶乔木、12株灌木,水生植物和地被植物的覆盖面积分别为18和74 m^2。【结论】美景度评价法具有简单、可靠、易操作、便于推广的特点;层次分析法评价则较好地兼顾植物景观的美学功能和生态功能,评价结果客观全面。岭南特色滨水植物景观应以简洁、自然为主,常以高大乔木作为背景,选择耐湿、枝条柔软、树形优美的观花(叶)乔灌木,前景植物宜配置具鲜�【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate patterns of waterfront plant landscape construction and provide a theoretical basis for plant landscaping and landscape assessment through a scientific evaluation of the landscape quality of Lingnan region.【Method】64 landscape units of waterfront plants in Lingnan region were investigated for landscape quality assessment using scenic beauty estimation procedure（SBE） and analytic hierarchy process（AHP）,and the applicability and relatedness of the two methods were also explored.Plant species richness,abundance,and the typical Lingnan waterfront landscapes were assessed and analyzed using cluster analysis and stepwise regression analysis.【Result】The number of landscape units with a ranking difference between SBE value（YSBE） and landscape quality value（YAHP） ≤ 20 accounted for 75% of all the landscape units assessed using SBE and AHP,indicating that the two methods for waterfront plant landscape assessment had high consistency.The cluster analysis divided the 64 waterfront plant landscape units into 5 groups.The first group was excellent assessed with both AHP and SBE methods（YAHP≥6.00,YSBE≥ 0.50） and most landscape units in this group had a ranking difference20.Landscape units of the 4th and 5th groups were ranked at the last seven by SBE,and their ranking difference was12,indicating that the evaluators have similar aesthetic values,and thus it is feasible to reveal the intrinsic rules of plant landscaping through scientific methods of assessment.Plant diversity of artistic configuration（x_6） and stability of plant community structure（x_9） had significant effects on SBE outcomes（P〈0.05）,which was represented by stepwise regression analysis with dependent variable YSBE against independent variable xi of landscape units：YSBE=-4.234 3 ＋ 0.300 4 x6＋ 0.357 7 x9.The excellent landscape units were characterized by plant richness disposition of various growth forms as：2 species of evergreen trees,1 species of d

关 键 词：滨水植物景观 景观评价 美景度评价法 层次分析法 岭南 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]