陇东黄土高原地区石油污染土壤对不同生物修复方式的响应  

Responses of Different Bioremediation Patterns on Crude-oil Contaminated Soil in Eastern Gansu Province

作　　者：王金成[1,2] 井明博[1,2] 石国玺[3] 王国锋[4] 李东波[1,2] 毛宁[1,2] 贾海燕[1,2] 卜婷[1,2] WANG Jin-cheng JING Ming-bo SHI Guo-xi WANG Guo-feng LI Dong-bo MAO ning JIA Hai-yan BU Ting(University Provincial Key laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Longdong Bio-resources in Gansu Province, Qingyang, 745000, Gansu College of Life Science and Technology, LongdongUniversity, Qingyang, 745000, Gansu Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008, Qinghai College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi＇an, 710062, Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室,甘肃庆阳745000 [2]陇东学院生命科学与技术学院,甘肃庆阳745000 [3]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810008 [4]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《陇东学院学报》2017年第1期67-72,共6页Journal of Longdong University

基　　金：甘肃省科技支撑计划项目<陇东黄土高原地区石油污染土壤原位修复技术研究与示范>(1204FKCM173);甘肃省教育厅科技计划项目<陇东黄土高原石油污染土壤微生物群落动态分析及石油降解菌的筛选>(2014B-091);甘肃省庆阳市科技支撑计划项目<陇东黄土高原地区石油污染土壤原位修复研究>(GC2011-16)

摘　　要：目的:为了分析比较不同生物修复方式对陇东黄土高原地区石油污染土壤的修复效果。方法:分别采用土著微生物降解功能菌群修复(MR)、陇东适生植物"金盏菊"修复(PR)及两者的联合修复(M-PR)3种修复方式开展为期121天的原位修复实验,测定了土壤总石油烃含量(TPHs)、土壤脱氢酶活性及其土壤细菌群落遗传多样性等环境指标。结果:经121天原位修复实验M-PR组TPHs降解率(67.29±3.67%)及脱氢酶活性(40.33±1.24μg·g^(-1)·24h^(-1))均为最高。PCR-DGGE分析结果显示:M-PR组多样性和丰富度指数均高于其他处理。NMDS排序结果显示,土壤TPHs含量高低是决定样地分异最大的环境因子,其次为修复方式、土壤脱氢酶活性和丰富度指数。结论:上述结果说明如何有效降低土壤TPHs含量以及有效增加联合修复土壤根际微生物数量及多样性这是陇东黄土高原地区开展石油污染土壤修复的决定性环境因素。Objective：To contrast the remediation effect of different bioremediation patterns on crude-oil polluted soil in eastern Gansu Province.Methods：Different bioremediation patterns including local microbial functional agents（MR）,phytoremediation（PR） and combined remediation（M-PR） have been selected in situ bioremediation of on crude-oil contaminated soil for 4 months.Total petroleum hydrocarbons（TPHs） and soil dehydrogenase activity are investigated using conventional methods,and the genetic diversity of bacterial community is analyzed based on PCR-DGGE.Results：We found that a higher TPHs degradation rate（μM-P R = 67.29 ± 3.67%） and increased soil dehydrogenase activity（40.33 ±1.24μg·g^（-1）·24h^（-1）） are detected in M-P R group.As for the genetic diversity of bacterial community,Patrick index and Shannon-Wiener index of M-PR group are significantly higher than that of othergroups,and the increased Pielou index is only detected in group of PR and M-PR compared with the CK respectively.Moreover,Nonmetric nonmetric multidimensional scaling（NMDS） showed that crude-oil contaminated soil in Gansu province of the Loess Plateau are strongly affected by soil TPHs concentration（r2 = 0.9218）,bioremediation pattern（r2 = 0.8607）,and following-affected by Patrick index of soil bacterial communities（r2 = 0.7064）.Conclusion：All of the results mentioned above are conducive to further understand the response of soil environmental factors on crude oil pollution,and offer background information for the remediation of crude oil-contaminated soil in eastern Gansu Province.

关 键 词：石油污染土壤 生物修复方式 石油烃降解率 脱氢酶 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]