基于土地类型的水库污染源解析及生态价值研究  

Analysis of Pollution and Ecological Value Based on Changes of Land Types in the Reservoir Watershed

作　　者：刘冰[1] 樊勇[1] 李清飞[1] 余国忠[1] 翟慧敏[1] 张梦[1] LIU Bing FAN Yong LI Qingfei YU Guozhong ZHAI Huimin ZHANG Meng(School of Urban and Environmental Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]信阳师范学院城市与环境科学学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第2期31-38,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51208448);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划(2015GGJS-136);河南省科技厅科技攻关项目(162102310498);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(14A610004);信阳师范学院"南湖学者"奖励计划青年项目;河南省软科学研究(162400410139)

摘　　要：水库周围土地利用类型的变化对非点源污染负荷及生态价值有重要影响,基于遥感影像和GIS技术,分析1990-2012年南湾湖水库流域的土地类型,研究结果表明:(1)在近30 a间,南湾湖水库周边的土地类型有了明显的变化,其中茶树和耕地面积在逐渐增加;而林地、水域、居民用地和裸露地的面积在减少;(2)茶树面积、城乡用地、耕地面积和水质呈正相关,林地和水质呈负相关;其中对水库水质影响最大的因子是茶树面积,而林地可以去除部分氮、磷、有机物和改善水库水质;(3)南湾湖水库流域生态服务价值评价结果表明,流域内总的生态系统服务价值在1990-2005年呈上升趋势,而在2005-2012年呈下降趋势,水域是生态系统服务价值构成中贡献最大的土地类型,占到全部生态系统服务价值的34.23%和67.31%;(4)维持生物多样性、保持土壤、气候调节和气体调节4个单项总和约占到全部生态系统服务价值的60%,维持生物多样性、气候调节和气体调节3个单项的变化趋势与生态系统服务功能总价值变化趋势相一致。Based on remote sensing and GIS technology,the types of land around Nanwanhu Reservoir watershed in 1990-2012 were investigated. The results showed in the past 30 years,the types of land around the reservoir watershed had been significantly changed. Land of tea and arable land were gradually increased,and woodland,water,residential land and bare land area were decreased. Land of tea,urban rural land and arable land were positively correlated with water quality,and woodland and water quality indicators showed a negative correlation. The greatest impacting factor for water quality of the Reservoir was land of tea,and woodland could remove parts of the nitrogen,phosphorus,organic matter and improve water quality in the Reservoir. Total value of ecosystem services in the watershed was raised in 1990-2005,and declined in 2005-2012. Ecosystem services value of waters was the largest in the total value,accounting for 34.23% and 67.31%. Total value of maintenance of biological diversity,maintenance of the soil,climate regulation and gas conditioning accounted for about 60%of ecosystem services,and the value trends of maintenance of biological diversity,climate regulation and gas regulator were consistent with the overall value trend.

关 键 词：南湾湖水库流域 土地利用类型 污染源解析 生态价值 非点源污染 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]