RNAi 3种分子加工机制研究进展  

Research Progress of Processing Mechanisms of Three Molecules of RNAi

作　　者：肖稳[1] 周玮[1] XIAO Wen ZHOU Wei(College of Plant Protection,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学植物保护学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2017年第6期133-136,230,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31301388);中国博士后科学基金第八批特别资助项目(2015T80870)

摘　　要：RNAi(RNA interference,RNA干扰)是一种高度保守的由小分子RNA介导的基因沉默过程。根据介导RNAi的小RNA长度以及结合Argonaute(AGO)蛋白家族成员的不同,将小RNA分为miRNA(microRNA)、siRNA(small interfering RNA)和piRNA(Piwi-interacting RNA)3类。根据近年来取得的研究进展,系统地阐述了这3类小RNA的基因组来源及其加工产生机制,归纳总结了这3类小RNA之间的区别和联系,并结合当前RNAi应用于疾病治疗存在的问题提出了自己的看法。RNAi机制的完善对于生物进化、生长发育及癌症等重大疑难疾病治疗具有重要的应用价值。RNAi is a highly conserved gene silencing process mediated by small RNA. Based on the differences of small RNA length and its combined Agonante （AGO） family members, small RNA is divided into 3 eategories：miRNA （mieroRNA）, siRNA （small interfering RNA） and piRNA （Piwi- interacting RNA）. Accordingly the reviews, we systematically expound the three small RNA genomic origin and the mechanisms of their production and processing. Furthermore ,we summarize the connections among these three small RNAs. Finally, the authors offer a view on problems hindered in RNAi applications on disease treatment of the humans. The perfection of RNAi mechanisms is important to biological revolution, growth and development and treatment of critical illnesses like cancer.

关 键 词：RNAI MIRNA SIRNA PIRNA 

分 类 号：S188[农业科学—农业基础科学] Q78[生物学—分子生物学]