液压凿岩机高压蓄能器耦合特性分析和试验研究  

Analysis on coupling features of high-pressure accumulator of hydraulic rock drill and test study

作　　者：黄伟 赵宏强[2] 段焱辉 

机构地区：[1]青海交通职业技术学院,青海西宁810000 [2]中南大学高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿山机械》2017年第3期8-14,共7页Mining & Processing Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51375499)

摘　　要：蓄能器耦合特性能很好地反映液压凿岩机的非线性运动规律和流量变化情况,其系统压力响应能力直接决定了整机的工作性能。传统的耦合研究多直接以蓄能器的工作压力作为系统工作压力,这存在一个盲区,割裂了反馈控制关系。针对此不足,基于流体连续性原理,考虑泄漏与补偿等因素的影响,采用蓄能器耦合方法对液压凿岩机的工作特性和流量变化建立非线性数学模型,并推导内部各腔室的压差模型和压力计算方法。通过仿真和试验研究,分析蓄能器耦合方法和蓄能器基本参数对冲击性能的影响规律。结果表明:基于流体连续性原理的蓄能器耦合方法避免了"盲区"问题,液压凿岩机蓄能器预充压力的选择应该控制在一定的范围内,一般取冲击压力的35%~45%。The coupling characteristics of the accumulator well reflect the nonlinear motion laws and the flow variation of the hydraulic rock drill. And the pressure response ability of the system directly decides the working performance of the rock drill. In most traditional coupling study, the working pressure of the accumulator was taken as the working pressure of the system, which brings about a blind zone that split the feedback control relationship. In view of this issue, based on fluid continuity principle and taking into leakage and compensation account, the coupling method of the accumulator was applied to establish the nonlinear mathematical model of the working features and flow variation of the hydraulic rock drill, and then the pressure difference model of various inner chambers and the pressure calculation method were deduced. After simulation and test study, the influence laws of the coupling method of the accumulator and the basic parameters of the accumulator on the impact performance were analyzed. The results showed： the coupling method of the accumulator based on flow continuity principle avoided the blind zone; the pre-charge pressure of the accumulator of the hydraulic rock drill should be controlled within a scope range from 35% to 45% of the impact pressure.

关 键 词：液压凿岩机 蓄能器耦合 预充压力 冲击压力 

分 类 号：TD421.22[矿业工程—矿山机电]