WRKY转录因子在生物和非生物胁迫中的功能和调控机理的研究进展  

The Functions and Regulation Mechanisms of WRKY Transcription Factors in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

作　　者：陈思雀[1] 翁群清 曹红瑞 孙新立[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学作物遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室,福州350002

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2017年第4期668-682,共15页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31371557);福建省自然科学基金(No.K55NI921A);福建省教育厅项目(No.K58MLV03A)

摘　　要：WRKY转录因子是植物转录因子中的一大类,可以通过与目标基因启动子的W-box相互作用,参与调控各种生理反应。本研究以拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)和水稻(Oryza sativa)为例,总结了近年来WRKY转录因子在生物和非生物胁迫中的功能和调控机理的研究进展。WRKY基因的表达可受多种外界因子快速诱导,同时亦可受到自身调控。一种WRKY转录因子可以调控多种不同的应答反应;而同一种应答反应常需多种WRKY转录因子的协调。WRKY蛋白质功能的实现需要其他的蛋白协助,很多WRKY转录因子可与丝裂原活化蛋白激酶互作,通过改变WRKY的磷酸化状态,调节其生物活性。VQ蛋白质是一类转录辅助蛋白,含有一段保守的VQ基序,可以与GroupⅠ和Ⅱc中WRKY蛋白质互作,共同调控相应的生理反应。GroupⅡd中WRKY转录因子含有C motif,可与钙调素相互作用。WRKY转录因子与其辅助蛋白互作,形成了复杂的调控网络。本研究通过对这些调控机制的总结,揭示了调控网络的一角,有利于研究者对WRKY转录因子功能特点的深入理解,对相关的研究者有一定的指导意义。WRKY transcription factors are one of the largest families of transcription regulators in plants, and it can bind W-box in promoters of the target genes to regulate many specific transcriptional programs. This article summarized the recent advances on WRKY transcription factor functions and regulation mechanisms on biotic and abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis and rice （Oryza sativa）. The expressions of WRKY genes can be rapidly induced by many environmental signals. Many WRKY genes exhibit extensive autoregulation and cross-regulation. A single WRKY transcription factor can regulate several seemingly disparate processes, and several WRKY proteins can also work together in the same process to make the signal transduction pathway to be exactly regulated. WRKY proteins via cooperation with a diverse array of protein partners realize their functions, and they are usually phosphorylated by mitogen-activated protein kinase to modulate their activities in the nucleus. WRKY transcription factors in Group Ⅰ and Ⅱc can interact with VQ proteins that contain a short VQ motif and act as cofactors, and those in group Ⅱd contain C motif that can bind with calmodulin. In addition, the WRKY domain in RRS1-R represents an effector target ＇decoy＇ which betrays the defense-suppressing abilities of PopP2 and AvrRps4 on their operational virulence targets, the defensive WRKY transcription factors. WRKY transcription factors play pivotal roles in regulating many stress reactions, but only a few mechanisms on signaling and transcriptional regulations are characterized more clearly. This article has revealed a corner of the complex regulatory network, and may help researchers to further understand the regulatory mechanisms of WRKY transcription factors.

关 键 词：WRKY转录因子 生物和非生物胁迫 应答反应 拟南芥 水稻 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学] Q945.78[生物学—植物学]