558例多生牙临床特点的回顾性分析  

Supernumerary teeth of the jaw:a retrospective review of 558 cases

作　　者：刘宪光[1] 张君[2,3] 李成龙[1] 高萍[1] 刘端芹[1] 王旭霞[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科 [2]山东大学口腔医学院口腔正畸科 [3]山东省口腔生物医学重点实验室,山东济南250012

出　　处：《山东大学学报（医学版）》2017年第3期121-124,共4页Journal of Shandong University:Health Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81371180);山东省科学技术发展计划(2014GGH218024)

摘　　要：目的分析多生牙发生的构成现状及临床特点,为临床诊疗提供指导。方法回顾性分析558例通过临床及影像学资料检查确诊的多生牙病例的构成现状及临床特点,并对年龄、性别、部位、数目、形态、阻生情况、伴发症状及对邻牙影响进行分析。结果 558例患者多生牙共804颗,患者的平均年龄11.92岁,男女比例2.99∶1;上颌多生牙743颗(92.14%),下颌多生牙61颗(7.58%);多生牙多偏向于牙弓的腭侧;患者中1颗多生牙最常见,其次是2颗多生牙;多生牙形态以畸形牙为主;埋伏阻生多生牙627颗;97颗多生牙伴发含牙囊肿,9例患者伴存牙瘤。结论多生牙多见于儿童替牙列,以上颌前牙区最多见,主要位于牙弓的腭侧,男性发病率明显高于女性,患者中以1颗和2颗多见。Objective To provide reference for clinical diagnosis by analyzing the occurrence and clinical characteristics of supernumerary teeth. Methods Clinical and imaging data of 558 cases of supernumerary teeth were retrospectively analyzed, including patients＇ age and gender, the location, number, morphology, impaction of the teeth, and the con- comitant symptoms and effects on adjacent teeth. Results There were a total of 804 supernumerary teeth in the 588 pa- tients, whose average age was 11.92 years. The ratio between male and female patients was 2.99：1. There were 743 supernumerary teeth in the maxilla （ 92. 14% ）, and 61 in the mandible （ 7. 58% ）. Most supernumerary teeth （75.37%） grew in the lingual or palatal side of jaws. Most patients had one supernumerary tooth, and some had two. Altogether 627 supernumerary teeth （77.98%） were impaction, and 97 （ 12.06% ） were complicated with dentigerous cyst. Odontoma was observed in 9 patients （ 1.61% ）. Conclusion Supernumerary tooth mainly occurs in children in mixed dentition and anterior maxilla. Men are more vulnerable to this lesion than women. Most patients have one or two supernumerary teeth.

关 键 词：多生牙 含牙囊肿 牙瘤 颌骨 回顾性分析 

分 类 号：R782[医药卫生—口腔医学]