建设微生物组大数据中心 发挥长期科学影响  

Development of Comprehensive Microbiome Big Data Warehouse/Center for Long-term Scientific Impact

作　　者：张国庆[1] 宁康[2] 职晓阳[3] 刘婉[4] 徐萍[5] 周豪魁[6] 胡黔楠[1] 赵国屏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物医学大数据中心,上海200031 [2]华中科技大学生命科学与技术学院,武汉430074 [3]云南大学生命科学学院微生物研究所,昆明650091 [4]上海生物信息技术研究中心,上海201203 [5]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生命科学信息中心,上海200031 [6]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院合成生物学工程研究中心,深圳518055

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2017年第3期280-289,共10页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术发展"863"项目计划(2014AA021502;2015AA020108);国家重点研发计划(2016Y FC0901904;2016YFC09016 04)

摘　　要：宏基因组研究的思想与技术推动了微生物组的兴起,积累了丰富的微生物基因组以及健康、动植物和环境相关的微生物宏基因组数据,形成了具备一定规模和影响力的数据库、标准化方法与分析工具。大多数平台聚焦于为项目或特定类型的微生物菌群提供数据支撑,难以满足更深入全面的微生物生物学研究需求。文章建议采用综合聚焦微生物分类单元总和的微生物系统组与聚焦特定生态位微生物种群总和的微生物组的思路,建设综合性的微生物组数据仓库,整合微生物分类、进化、生态以及相关"组学"数据与信息。在此基础上,进一步综合生命科学基础研究和系统合成生物学研究的数据,支撑经高水平质控的综合性参考数据库、标准化的拼接与注释以及一流的数据汇交、搜索分享、深度学习和分析挖掘方法的研究开发。由此,亦将进一步集成大型微生物组项目的元数据及数据,形成数据综合完整、管理安全高效,服务功能完备的微生物组大数据中心。It was the scientific concept and related technology of metagenomics that initiated the microbiome research. These microbiome research projects conducted globally have led to the acquisition huge amount of data and data sets of microbial genomes related to human health, animals, plants and environments. Consequently, various kinds of microbiome databases and analytical platforms are booming. However, besides the designed specific project-oriented status for some of the databases, most of the current microbiome data platforms merely focus on the development of reference data catalog and metagenome data sets, and mainly support the studies of＇molecular ecology＂aspect of microbiomes and/or the metagenome of a specific biotype. Thus, commonly expected applications in data integration-dependent mega- analysis, genomic information-based microbial taxonomy or comprehensive functional bioparts mining are largely hindered by lacking of proper data resources or sophisticated bioinformaticians capable of handling the complicated tasks.In this review, we introduce the concept of Microbiophylome, which is the sum of all microbes and member organisms of all kinds of microbiota with their genetic and multiple life- omics information as well as their related biological structural/functional information. Comparing to the conventional Microbiome, which is the sum of all member microbes of various mierobiota in a special ecological biotype with their genetic, mainly metagenome information and related biological function, Microbiophylome emphasizes the total information of every individual taxon of the whole microbial world. In other words, with respect to microbiology as an academic discipline, Microbiophylome is concerned more about the α -phase （taxonomy） and β-phase （phylogeny） of microbial biology while Microbiome is concerned more about the γ-phase （ecology）, employing the knowledge of α- and β-phases. With the integration of the concepts of Microbiome and Microbiophylome, we suggest to establish a compreh

关 键 词：微生物组 微生物系统组 分类 生态 合成生物学 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]