我国6省市脑卒中流行病学调查及危险因素分析  

Epidemiological Investigation and Risk Factors Analysis of Cerebral Apoplexy in Six Cities and Provinces

作　　者：王丽萍[1,2] 陈真 李梅 李亚鹏[5] 刘文娟 李金斌 尹岭 Wang Liping Chen Zhen Li Mei Li Yapeng Liu Wenjuan Li Jinbin Yin Ling(The Medical College of the PLA, Beijing 100843, China)

机构地区：[1]解放军医学院,北京市100853 [2]空军航空医学研究所附属医院内一科,北京市100089 [3]空军司令部门诊部保健科,北京市100843 [4]中国卒中数据中心,北京市100010 [5]郑州大学第一附属医院神经内科,郑州市450052

出　　处：《中国病案》2017年第3期97-100,共4页Chinese Medical Record

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台项目(NCMI-ACL01-201606);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ18B08)

摘　　要：目的通过对我国6省市40岁及以上城乡居民脑卒中及主要危险因素调查分析,了解脑卒中患病及主要危险因素分布情况,为制定脑卒中的综合防治措施提供依据。方法回顾性分析中国卒中数据库2011年收录的北京、河南、山东、山西、陕西、四川6个省市地区城乡40岁及以上居民共计429 826人的调查资料,研究脑卒中的患病特点和规律。结果 6省市地区脑卒中检出率为2.03%,其中农村地区脑卒中检出率为2.38%,城市检出率为1.79%,农村高于城市,男性高于女性。随着年龄增大,无论农村或城市居民,脑卒中检出率有增高趋势。40岁-64岁脑卒中患病人数占45.63%。脑卒中患者伴随的常见危险因素检出率由高到低依次为:高血压、血脂异常、明显超重或肥胖、缺乏运动、有脑卒中家族史、吸烟、糖尿病、房颤或瓣膜性心脏病。其中高血压、超重或肥胖、缺乏运动、吸烟的检出率均为农村高于城市,差异有统计学意义。糖尿病、房颤或瓣膜性心脏病暴露率为城市高于农村,差异有统计学意义。结论农村地区脑卒中检出率高于城市。随着年龄的增长,脑卒中检出率呈相应的增高趋势。脑卒中患者年轻化趋势明显,男性较女性容易患病,高血压是本组脑卒中患者伴随的首发危险因素,脑卒中患者伴随的危险因素前三位为:高血压、血脂异常、明显超重或肥胖。Objectives Through the investigation and risk factors analysis of cerebral apoplexy among residents above 40 years old in six cities and provinces, to understand the distribution of the major risk factors of cerebral apoplexy, and provide evidence for comprehensive prevention and control measures. Methods The materials of 429 826 residents above 40 years in six cities and provinces included Beijing, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shanxi and Sichuan admitted in the Chinese Apoplexy Database in 2011 were retrospectively analyzed, and researched the characters and rules of cerebral apoplexy. Results The detection rate was 2.03% in the six cities and provinces, in which the rate of rural region was 2.38% and urban was 1.79%, the rural was above the city and the men more than women. As the increasing of age, the detection rate of cerebral apoplexy was also increasing in both rural region and urban. The patients between 40 to 64 years old accounted for 45.63%. The common risk factors of cerebral apoplexy included successively： hypertension, dyslipidemia, significantly overweight or obese, lack of exercise,have a family history of stroke, smoking, diabetes, atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease. In aspects such as hypertension, significantly overweight or obese, lack of exercise and smoking, the rural was above the city, the difference had statistical significance. While in aspects such as diabetes, atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease,the city was above the rural region, the difference had statistical significance. Conclusions The detection rate of cerebral apoplexy in rural region was higher than city, and the rate had an increasing tendency as the growing of age.The patients with cerebral apoplexy had a younger tendency obviously, men easily got the diseases than women.Hypertension was the first risk factor in this group accompany with cerebral apoplexy, and the first three risk factors were hypertension, dyslipidemia, significantly overweight or obese.

关 键 词：脑卒中 危险因素 数据库 分析 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]