市政污水对大型蚤急性毒性评价研究  

Research on Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity of Municipal Wastewater to Daphnia Magna

作　　者：徐晓平[1,2] 李济源[1] 曹怀礼 

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学建筑工程学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]安徽省皖江城市带退化生态系统的恢复与重建协同创新中心,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《西安文理学院学报（自然科学版）》2017年第2期97-101,共5页Journal of Xi’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：安徽省高等学校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2016A063);安徽工程大学青年科研基金项目(2015YQ01);安徽省高等教育提升计划科学研究一般项目(TSKJ2015B08)

摘　　要：在水质理化分析的基础上,采用大型蚤急性毒性测试方法分析了污水处理厂不同处理单元水样对大型蚤24 h和48 h的急性毒性效应.结果显示,与进水相比,出水的浊度、总磷和COD_(Cr)分别下降了91.72%、61.56%和86.05%.二沉池对浊度和总磷的降低效果最为明显,而曝气池对COD_(Cr)降低效果最为明显.不同处理单元对污水毒性削减的效果存在差异,其中,曝气池对毒性的削减作用最为明显.100%(体积比)曝气池水样24 h和48 h中大型蚤的存活率分别较初沉池提高了102.33%和90.91%.结果表明,有必要开展污水生物毒性测试并以此作为水质理化检测的重要补充手段.Based on the physical and chemical analysis of water quality,and by using of the acute toxicity test,the acute toxicity of water samples from different treatment units to Daphnia magna in 24 hours and 48 hours was analyzed. Compared with that of the inlet water,the results showed that the urbidity,total phosphorus and COD（Cr）of effluent decreased by 91. 72%,61. 56% and 86. 05%,respectively. The second sedimentation tank had the most obvious effect on reducting turbidity and total phosphorus,while the aeration tank had the most obvious effect on reducting COD（Cr）. The effects of different treatment units on toxicity reduction of sewage were different. Among them,the aeration tank had the most obvious effect on reducting toxicity. Compared with that of primary sedimentation tank,in 100%（volume ratio） aeration tank,the 24 hours and 48 hours survival rates of Daphnia magna increased by more than102. 33% and 90. 91%,respectively. The results show that it is necessary to carry out the bio-logical toxicity test of sewage and to use it as an important supplement to the physical and chemical testing of water quality.

关 键 词：市政污水 污水处理 理化指标 大型蚤 急性毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]