英租界殖民路径与九国租界竞争性拼贴——以天津英租界(1860-1943)规划为重点  

Expansion of British Concessions and Contested Collages of Nine Concessions:Town Planning of the British Concession in Tianjin,1860-1943

作　　者：陈国栋[1] 青木信夫[1] 徐苏斌[1] 达纳.阿诺德 

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院 [2]英国东英吉利大学艺术传媒学院

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2017年第2期104-112,共9页Urban Planning Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(12&ZD230);国家自然科学资金面上项目(51478299和51378335);留学基金委国家公派研究生项目(201406250117)

摘　　要：基于国内外一手解密档案,从殖民路径角度对天津英租界规划进行殖民主义比较研究。英外交官巴夏礼主导一批东亚口岸开辟和租界选址。有突出普遍价值的在华英租界、天津九国租界等现存空间,是潜在的世界遗产。戈登、柏龄庚和安德森三期规划受广州、上海和英国等影响。五大道是东亚保存规模最大和最完整集中、最早系统规划、最接近田园城市理念的现代花园郊区杰出案例。英租界殖民路径大致遵循英→印→东南亚→东亚[中(港-沪-津等)→日→近代朝鲜、中]→非路线,在口岸体系内甚至单个口岸如天津也尤为突出。条约体系和全球比较视野下对规划与建筑的理念、法规、技术、风格和建筑师等殖民与现代化路径系统研究有益于完善东亚近代城市建筑史、遗产价值评估,为一带一路贸易港建设管理提供历史启示。Based on first-hand declassified archives in both China and th eoverseas,this thesis investigates the colonial circulations of town planning of the British concession in Tianjin(B.C.T.) from a perspective of comparative colonialism.Harry Smith Parkes,a British diplomat,played a key role in the establishment of the treaty ports and British concessions in East Asia.The universal value of existing urban spaces in British concessions in China,including nine concessions in Tianjin,makes such places potential serial World Heritage sites.The Gordon Plan,Bellingham Plan and Anderson Plan were influenced directly by the plans and construction of Guangzhou,Shanghai,Great Britain,etc.Wudadao is the earliest,biggest,most integrally protected and systematically designed modern garden suburb in East Asia,the planning of which is most compatible with the Garden City idea.The expansion of British concessions followed a geographic path from India to Southeast Asia to East Asia[China(Hong Kong→Shanghai → Tianjin,etc.)→Japan →Korea and China]and finally to Africa.Tianji is a prominent case in point.Through systematic and comparative interpretation of colonial and modern circulations of planning and architectural ideas,regulations,techniques,styles and architects among the treaty ports,insights can be gained on the East Asian urban and architectural history and evaluation of existing heritage sites.Moreover,it may offer reference in the development and management of domestic and overseas trading ports in under the 'One Belt and One Road' strategy.

关 键 词：英租界 天津九国租界 巴夏礼 规划 殖民路径 遗产价值评估 贸易港 

分 类 号：TU984.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]