饲料淀粉糊化度对肉鸡生长性能及蛋白质体外消化率的影响  

Effect of feed starch gelatinization on growth performance and in-vitro protein digestibility of broilers

作　　者：王昊[1] 于纪宾[1] 于治芹 段海涛[1] 倪海球[1] 李俊[1] 李军国[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081 [2]农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《饲料工业》2017年第6期35-40,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"饲料高效低耗加工技术研究与示范[201203015]";"十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题"安全优质饲料生产关键技术研发与集成示范[2011BAD26B04]";现代农业产业技术体系北京市家禽创新团队项目

摘　　要：试验旨在研究饲料淀粉糊化度对肉鸡生长、屠宰性能及蛋白质体外消化率的影响。试验通过利用等量膨化玉米替代普通玉米达到制备不同淀粉糊化度饲料的目的,膨化玉米替代比例分别为0%(对照组)、10%、20%、30%。试验采用低温制粒方法,分别制备前期(1~3周)破碎料(淀粉糊化度分别为19%、33%、39%、48%)和后期(4~6周)颗粒饲料(淀粉糊化度分别为21%、34%、42%、51%)。试验选取864只肉仔鸡随机分成4组,分别饲喂4种淀粉糊化度的饲料(按淀粉糊化度由低到高分别为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组),试验周期为42 d。试验结果表明,饲料淀粉糊化度的提高对肉鸡蛋白质体外消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。在生长性能方面,1~3周Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的平均日采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但对照组料重比显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。在4~6周生长性能方面,除Ⅳ组的平均日采食量显著高于Ⅱ组外(P<0.05),在其他各项指标上各个处理组之间均没有显著差异(P>0.05)。屠宰性能方面,对照组胸肌率显著低于其它3组(P<0.05)。在全净膛率、腿肌率、翅重率、肌胃率等方面4个处理组之间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综合上述结果,本试验认为饲料淀粉糊化度由19%提高到51%可增加肉鸡1~3周平均日采食量,并且会使胸肌率提高0.59个百分点~1.33个百分点,但对其蛋白质体外消化率以及总体生长、屠宰性能无显著影响。This experiment was conducted to study on the effect of feed starch gelatinization on growth and slaughter performance and in-vitro protein digestibility of broilers. In this experiment,using isometrical extruded corn instead of common corn to achieve the purpose that preparing feeds with different starch gelatinization.Respectively, the replacement ratio of extruded corn was 0%（control group）, 10%, 20%, 30%. The diet were produced at low temperature. Antecedent （1-3 weeks） feeds were crushing material（starch gelatinization was 19%, 33%, 39% and 48% respectively）, and the deuteric （4- 6 weeks） feeds were pellets（starch gelatinization degree was 21%, 34%, 42%, and 51% respectively）. Allocated 864 broilers into four groups, fed four kinds of feeds with different degree of starch gelatinization （from low to high of starch gelatinization was group Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ）. The duration of the experiment was 42 days. The result showed that： Broiler＇s in-vitro protein digestibility had no notable differences between each groups（P〉0.05）. For the growth performance in 1-3weeks, ADFI of group Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ were all notable higher than control group（P〈0.05）. F/G of control group were notable lower than group Ⅱ、Ⅲ （P〈0.05）.For the growth performance in 4-6weeks, group IV＇s AD- FI was notable higher than group Ⅱ （P〈O.05）. There are no notable differences in other sides between each groups（P〉0.05）. For the slaughter performance, control group＇s rate of chest muscle was notable lower than other groups（P〈0.05）. For the all eviscerated rate,leg muscle rate,wing weight rate, muscu- lar stomach rate, there are no significant difference between each groups（P〉O.05）. The experimental results show that increasing starch gelatinization degree from 19% to 51% will increase broiler＇s ADFI in 1-3 weeks, and improve rate of chest muscles from 0.59% to 1.33%,but had no significant effect on in-vitro protein digestibility,growth and slaughter performance.

关 键 词：淀粉糊化度 肉鸡 生长性能 蛋白质体外消化率 屠宰性能 

分 类 号：S815.1[农业科学—畜牧学]