饲料中添加维生素A、C和E对克氏原螯虾生长和免疫力的影响  

Effect of combined vitamin A,C and E supplementations in diet on survival,growth and immunity of juvenile Procambarus clarkii(Crustacea: Decapoda)cultured under laboratory conditions

作　　者：邵光明[1] 谭红月[1] 王玉凤[1] Shao Guangming Tan Hongyue Wang Yufeng(School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,Chin)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学生命科学学院,遗传调控与整合生物学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《水产养殖》2017年第4期46-52,共7页Journal of Aquaculture

基　　金：武汉市学科带头人计划项目(201051730554)

摘　　要：维生素在甲壳动物的存活、生长、繁殖过程中起重要作用。本研究采用正交设计实验,研究了维生素A、维生素C和维生素E的添加量对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)幼虾生存、生长和免疫的影响。研究设立三个因子A、B、C,分别为维生素A、维生素C、维生素E的添加量。每个因子设3个水平,维生素A添加量的3个水平为:0.0048、0.0054、0.006%;维生素C添加量的3个水平为:0.02、0.05、0.08%;维生素E添加量的3个水平为:0.02、0.04、0.06%。极差分析结果表明,克氏原螯虾幼虾成活率最高时的因子水平组合为:A3B1/B3C2;增重率最大时的因子水平组合为:A3B2C2;丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物气化酶(SOD)活性和SOD基因表达水平最低时的因子组合水平都为:A2B1C1;酚氧化酶(PO)活性最高时的因子水平组合为:A3B2C1;谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶基因GPx表达水平最低时的因子水平组合为:A3B1C1。将克氏原螯虾幼虾的成活率和增重率作为主要考虑因素,综合考虑免疫指标及成本因素,我们建议在本次实验设计的条件中,选择A3B1C2作为最佳组合方案,即维生素A添加量为0.006%、维生素C添加量为0.02%、维生素E添加量为0.04%时,最有利于克氏原螯虾幼虾的存活、生长,提高其免疫力。Vitamins are known to play essential roles in growth, immunity and reproduction of crustacean. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum dietary combinations of the supplementations of vitamin A （VA）,vitamin C （VC） and vitamin E （VE） for survival,growth and immunity of juvenile crayfish Procrmbarus clarkii. In our orthogonal experiment,the three factors were varied at three levels （VA supplementation： 0.0048,0.0054 and 0.006%; VC supplementation： 0.02,0.05 and 0.08%; VE： supplementation： 0.02,0.04 and 0.06% ）. Range analysis showed that the maximum survival rate of the juvenile crayfish occurred at VA supplementation of 0.006% ,VC supplementation of 0.02 or 0.08% ,VE： supplementation of 0.04%： maximum weight gain at VA supplementation of 0.006%,VC supplementation of 0.05%,VE supplementation of 0.04%. The lowest malondialdehyde （MDA） content,specific activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and SOD gene expression level were obtained at VA supplementation 0.0054% ,VC supplementation of 0.02% ,VE supplementation of 0.02%. The maxinmm phenol oxidase （PO） activity was obtained at VA supplementation 0.006%,VC supplementation of 0.05%,VC supplementation of 0.02%. The lowest gene expression levels of GPx were obtained at VA supplementation 0.006% ,VC supplementation of 0.02% ,VE supplementation of 0.02%. Taking survival and growth into key considerations,combining with immunity and cost as the secondary consideration,we suggest that a ratio of 0.006% of VA,0.02% of Vc and 0.04% of V~： supplemented in the diet might be optimal for rearing the juvenile P. clarkii under the experimentally designed conditions studied.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 维生素 存活 生长 免疫 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]