三峡库区梁滩河水体营养盐时空分布及输出风险  

Temporal and spatial variation of nutrients and output risk in Liangtan River,Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：王晓锋[1,2] 袁兴中[1,2] 刘红[1,2] 岳俊生[1,2] WANG Xiaofeng YUAN Xingzhong LIU Hong YUE Junsheng(State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China College of Resource and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学资源及环境科学学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2017年第1期21-27,共7页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家重大科技专项项目(2013ZX07104-004-05)

摘　　要：梁滩河是三峡库区回水末端重要次级河流,本文对2014-2015年间梁滩河氮、磷营养盐的时空分布特征及输出状况进行了初步研究,并对其水质风险进行评价。结果表明,梁滩河氮磷污染严重,尤其氮污染超出国家地表水劣Ⅴ类水质2~10倍,年均总氮(totalnitrogen,TN)浓度为5.21~27.75 m g·L^(-1),NO_3--N与N H4+-N浓度分别为0.52~8.56 m g·L^(-1)和0.17~3.02m g·L^(-1),硝态氮是梁滩河氮元素的主要存在形式;年均总磷(totalphospho rus,TP)浓度为0.24~1.62 m g·L^(-1),D TP与PO4-3浓度分别为0.14~1.20 m g·L^(-1)和0.05~1.02 m g·L^(-1);梁滩河向三峡库区输入TN、TP量分别为2.228×103t·a^(-1)和109t·a^(-1),远高于同尺度三峡库区腹地支流;梁滩河西永断面总氮和总磷浓度均高于其他断面,工业、生活污水排放可能是主要污染源;氮磷元素均表现为冬春季高于夏秋季,可能受雨季降雨稀释效应影响。本研究提出梁滩河综合整治对维持库区水环境具有重要意义,为梁滩河综合整治提供科学依据。Liangtan River is an important secondary river in the terminal of backwater of Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR）. The characteristic of temporal-spatial variation of nitrogen and phosphorus and nutrient output from Liangtan River was studied. The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in Liangtan River was severe and total nitrogen, （TN） concentration was 2-10 times higher than that of the upper limit concentration of state＇s surface water quality standards; TN, NO3--N, NHZ-N concentration were 5.21~27.75 mg ＂L-1, 0.52-8.56 mg ＂L-1 and 0.17-3.02 mg-L-1, respectively, and NO3-N was the dominated form of nitrogen in Liangtan River; total phosphorus （TP）, DTP and PO43- concentration were 0.24-1.62 mg＇L-1, 0.14~1.20 mg.L-1 and 0.05-1.02 mg,L-1, respectively. The nutrient flux loads of TN and TP were 2 228 t-a-~ and 109 t ,a-1. Resulting from the raising waste water and domestic sewage, TN and TP concentration in Xiyong section were higher than that of other sections. TN and TP concentration were higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn, which may result from the dilution effect due to the serried rainfall. The comprehensive improvement of Liangtan River may have significances to maintain the water quality of the TGR area.

关 键 词：梁滩河 氮 磷 时空分布 营养输出风险 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X522