意大利“技术顾问”制度及其对我国的启示  

The Rule of Italy's “Technical Counsel” and its Inspiration to China

作　　者：章礼明[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学法学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2017年第1期8-16,共9页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

摘　　要：在意大利历史上,被告人的"技术顾问"在诉讼功能上经历了由"技术性辩护人"向"非鉴定的专家证人",再向"非鉴定的专家证人"和"私鉴定人"双重角色的变迁过程。作为"非鉴定的专家证人",技术顾问有权参与官方鉴定过程,并发挥监督作用;作为"私鉴定人",技术顾问有权在侦查阶段与控诉方进行对立的鉴定。两种诉讼角色的技术顾问均可以在法庭上提出专家意见,并接受法官审查。鉴于意大利的经验与教训,我国应当将专家辅助人的功能定位为"非鉴定的专家证人",且赋予其参与、监督官方鉴定的诉讼权利,而对于"私鉴定人"的诉讼角色则不宜采用。In the history of Italy, the function of the technical counsel of the defendant in the proceedings has developed from the ＂technical defender＂ to the ＂non-appraisal expert witness＂, and then to the dual role of the ＂non-expertise expert witness＂ and the ＂private appraiser＂. As the ＂non-appraisal expert witness＂, the technical counsel entitled to participate in the official identification process, and to play a supervisory role; as the ＂private appraiser＂, the technical counsel is entitled to the parallel identification with a prosecutor in the investigation stage. The technical counsel can present expert testimony in court and be reviewed by the judge. Given the Italian experience, China should let expert assistants have the function of the ＂non-appraisal expert witness ＂, and give him/her procedural rights to participate in and oversee official identification. As for Italy’s ＂private appraiser＂, China should not adopt.

关 键 词：技术顾问 意大利 非鉴定的专家证人 私鉴定人 

分 类 号：DF73[政治法律—诉讼法学] DF8[政治法律—法学]