饲粮中油菜籽不同添加量对牦牛瘤胃和十二指肠食糜消化酶活性的影响  

Effects of different additional levels of rapeseed in the diets on the digestive enzyme activities in the ruminal and duodenal chyme of yaks

作　　者：刘慧丽[1,2,3] 郝力壮[1,2,3] 刘书杰[1,2,3] 柴沙驼[1,2,3] 王磊[1,2,3] 牛建章 

机构地区：[1]省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室/青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,西宁810016 [2]青海高原牦牛研究中心,西宁810016 [3]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017年第4期152-154,157,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金："973"国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB722906);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD13B01);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203008);国家自然科学基金项目(31660673);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0500504-4);国家国际科技合作专项项目(2015DFG31870);青海省重大科技平台建设项目(2013-Z-Y03)

摘　　要：为了揭示饲粮中油菜籽不同添加量对牦牛瘤胃和十二指肠食糜消化酶活性的影响及各酶活性间的关系,试验将18头年龄、性别和体况一致的生长期健康阉牦牛随机分为3组,精饲料中分别添加油菜籽21.75%(H组)、10.00%(M组)和0(L组),每组6个重复,进行舍饲饲养,测定瘤胃和十二指肠食糜消化酶活性。结果表明:不同油菜籽添加量对瘤胃食糜淀粉酶(amylase,AMS)和胰蛋白酶(trypsin,TRS)活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。随着油菜籽添加量的逐渐降低,瘤胃脂肪酶(lipase,LPS)活性依次降低,H组显著高于L组(P<0.05)。M组羧甲基纤维素酶(cellulase,CLS)活性与L组差异显著(P<0.05),TRS和LPS活性之间呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。不同油菜籽添加量对十二指肠AMS、TRS、LPS和CLS活性均无显著影响(P>0.05),TRS与AMS活性呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。说明在牦牛精饲料补充料中油菜籽的适宜添加量为10%。To reveal the effects of different additional levels of rapeseed in the diets on the digestive enzyme activities in the ruminal and duodenal chyme of yaks and the relationship between enzyme activities, 18 healthy castrated yaks with same age, gender and body condition were randomly divided into three groups of 6 replicates each. Three different additional levels＇of rapeseed in the diets were 21.75% （H）, 10% （M） and 0 （L）, respectively. All yaks were reared in confinement, and then the digestive enzyme activities in the ruminal and duodenal chyme of yaks were determined. The results showed that different additional levels of rapeseed had no significant effects （ P 〉 0.05 ） on the activities of amylase （AMS）and trypsin （TRS） in the ruminal chyme. The activity of lipase （LPS） was decreased in turn, and the LPS activity in the H group was significantly higher （ P 〈 0.05 ） than that in the L group, as the additional levels of rapeseed were gradually decreased. The activity of cellulase （CLS） in the M group was significantly different （ P 〈 0.05 ） from that in the L group, and there was a significant negative correlation （ P 〈 0.05 ） between TRS and LPS activities. The different addition levels of rapeseed had no significant effects （ P 〉 0.05 ） on the AMS, TRS, LPS and CLS activities in the duodenal ehyme, and there was a highly significant negative correlation （P 〈0.01 ） between TRS and AMS activities. The results indicate that the suitable addition level of rapeseed in the concentrate supplement for yaks is 10%.

关 键 词：牦牛 油菜籽 瘤胃食糜 十二指肠食糜 酶活性 淀粉酶 脂肪酶 纤维素酶 

分 类 号：S816.43[农业科学—饲料科学] S823.85[农业科学—畜牧学]